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Scenario 1 The following blood test result contains the measured values of six blood
constituents and their “normal” reference range. Component Value Reference
Range 84 70-120 mg/dl 5.6 x 1012 4.7-6.1 x 10% 7.31 7.35 — 7.45 58 35 — 45 mmHg
Question 1.
Categorise each of the five (5) blood constituents in the table above as either an atom, ion, molecule, macromolecule, or cell. (5 marks). Please briefly explain your answers. (60words)
Question 2.
The concentration of Na+ in the blood test sits outside of the reference range. Considering your understanding of tonicity, which type of solution would this be referred to? (1 mark)
Referring to BOTH osmosis and diffusion, what is likely to happen to a cell exposed to this type of solution and briefly explain why? (4 marks) (70words)
Question 3.
In response to the pH and CO2 levels (refer to the table above), you have noticed that the patient’s breathing pattern begins to change. This is a physiological response of the body to attempt to maintain blood pH homeostasis. Referring to the specific components of the bicarbonate buffer system in your answer, explain how the patient’s breathing may change and why? (5 marks) (70words)
Provide references with each answer. A reference list at the end as well.

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