Skip To Content A patient is diagnosed

Skip To Content A patient is diagnosed with urinary tract obstruction. While planning care, the nurse realizes that the patient is expected to have hydronephrosis and a decreased glomerular filtration rate caused by: -dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces proximal to a blockage. -decreased renal blood flow. -decreased peritubular capillary pressure. -stimulation of antidiuretic hormone. A patient has a severe kidney obstruction leading to removal of the affected kidney. Which of the following would the nurse expect to occur? Dysplasia in the remaining kidney Compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining kidney Renal failure Atrophy of the remaining kidney 3. A 55-year-old presents reporting urinary retention. Tests reveal a lower urinary tract obstruction. Which of the following is of most concern to the nurse? Glomerulonephritis Vesicoureteral reflux and pyelonephritis Formation of renal calculi Increased bladder compliance 4. What is the most common type of renal stone composed of? Calcium Struvite Cystine Uric acid 5.While planning care for a patient with renal calculi, the nurse remembers the most important factor in renal calculus formation is: gender. body temperature. urine pH. serum mineral concentrations. 6. A patient is diagnosed with renal calculus that is causing a urinary obstruction. Which symptoms would be most likely experienced? Flank pain Hematuria Pyuria Anuria 7. When a patient’s CT scan reveals a lesion above the pontine micturition center, which condition would the nurse expect? Group of answer choices Dyssynergia Detrusor areflexia Detrusor hyperreflexia Detrusor sphincter dyssynergia 8. A 75-year-old reports loss of urine with cough, sneezing, or laughing. These symptoms support which diagnosis? Stress incontinence Functional incontinence Urge incontinence Overflow incontinence 9 9 Which is the most beneficial medication treatment for a patient experiencing detrusor sphincter dyssynergia? Alpha-blocker Vasodilator Diuretic Beta-blocker 10 A 29-year-old female presents with cloudy urine, flank pain, and hematuria. These signs and symptoms support which diagnosis? Postrenal renal failure Renal calculi Acute cystitis Chronic renal failure 11 11 A 25-year-old female is diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. When the nurse checks the culture results, which of the following organisms is most likely infecting her urinary tract? Chlamydia Streptococcus Candida albicans Escherichia coli 12 When considering pyelonephritis, where is the site of the infection? Bladder Renal pelvis Glomerulus Renal tubules 13 13 The most common condition associated with the development of acute pyelonephritis is: nephrotic syndrome. urinary tract obstruction. renal cancer. cystitis. 14 14 A 30-year-old male is demonstrating hematuria with red blood cell casts and proteinuria exceeding 3-5 grams per day, with albumin being the major protein. The most probable diagnosis the nurse will see documented on the chart is: chronic pyelonephritis. cystitis. acute glomerulonephritis. renal calculi. 15 15 Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is primarily caused by: Group of answer choices swelling of mesangial cells in the Bowman space in response to the presence of bacteria. inflammatory factors that stimulate cellular proliferation of epithelial cells. accumulation of antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies. immune complex deposition in the glomerular capillaries and inflammatory damage. 16. A 54-year-old female is diagnosed with nephritic syndrome. Which of the following is a common symptom of this disease? Dysuria Proteinuria Oliguria Hematuria 17. A 42-year-old male is involved in a motor vehicle accident that has resulted in prerenal failure. What is the most likely cause of this patient’s condition? Inadequate renal blood flow Kidney stones Immune complex deposition in the glomerulus Obstruction of the proximal tubule 18. A 35-year-old who was severely burned is now demonstrating symptomology associated with acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Which form of renal failure is this patient experiencing? Postrenal Intrarenal Prerenal Extrarenal 19 An older male presents with flank pain and polyuria. Tests reveal that he has an enlarged prostate. Which type of renal failure is this patient at risk for? Group of answer choices Prerenal Intrarenal Extrarenal Postrenal 20 20 A 45-year-old presents with hypertension, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and anemia and is diagnosed with chronic renal failure. What is the cause of this patient’s anemia? Red blood cells being lost in the urine Inadequate iron absorption in the gut Red blood cells being injured as they pass through the glomerulus Inadequate production of erythropoietin 21 21 When a 42-year-old is diagnosed with chronic renal failure, which dietary restriction will the nurse discuss with the patient? Proteins Fats Complex carbohydrates Sugars 22. Bone fractures are a risk factor in chronic renal failure because: Group of answer choices the kidneys fail to activate vitamin D. calcium is lost in the urine. autoantibodies to calcium molecules develop. osteoblast activity is excessive. 23 23 Mechanisms for defense against urinary pathogens in men include: (select all that apply) the alkaline pH of urine. the secretion of mucus that traps bacteria. the implantation of the ureters in the bladder. the long length of the urethra. the antimicrobial secretions from the prostate. SCIENCE HEALTH SCIENCE NURSING NURS 208

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