Careers: A lot of interesting jobs make

Careers: A lot of interesting jobs make use of knowledge of perception. I need to make multiple choice questions on this. This section had to be Multiple concept- asking about two or more bits of content. so two answers HearingAids Hearing aids treat severe conductive hearing loss or mild sensorineural hearing loss. Hearing aids are only used by 20% of the people who could benefit from them. CochlearImplant Cochlear implant (used for profound sensorineural hearing loss; requires intact auditory nerve) works because the brain learns to interpret very sparse input. CriticalBandsMasking One sound can hide another due to vibrations caused by the sounds overlapping on the basilar membrane. AuditoryPathways Brainstem sound nuclei: cochlear nucleus, superior olive, inferior colliculus. Thalamus: medial geniculate. Cortex: Heschl’s gyrus is in the superior temporal lobe. Tonotopic maps are plastic. Pitch perception is more complicated than just tone representation. The other sections is and its Applying concept to new situation or experiment. A harder multiple choice for both of these sections. EyeballAnatomy Light passes through the cornea, aqueous humor, pupil (in the iris), lens and vitreous humor (in that order) to get to the retina, where photoreceptors are found. Blind spot: region of retina with no photoreceptors due to optic nerve head. 80% of the focusing power of the eye comes from the cornea; 20% from the lens. Near-sighted vision (myopia): light from a distance focuses before retina; need diverging lens to correct. Far-sighted: focusing power of cornea/lens isn’t enough to bring near objects into focus, corrected by converging (convex) lens. NearFarsighted Ciliary muscles change curvature of lens to change focusing power to accommodate for different viewing distances. Presbyopia is a loss of accommodation due to hardening of lens. Cataracts are clouding of the lens resulting in blurred vision Understanding Speech Top-down knowledge of context and language helps us segment words (segmentation problem), recognize phonemes even though transitions are different in different syllables (coarticulation problem), and understand things even though different speakers say them different ways (speaker problem). LanguageCortex Speech perception is most frequently associated with Wernicke’s area (production: Broca’s). Reading engages both (visual information routed through Broca). SCIENCE HEALTH SCIENCE NURSING PSYC 102

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