Hi tutors, please help with answering the

Hi tutors, please help with answering the following questions. Which preventable diseases pose a particular risk for pregnant women and their infants? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Rubella 2 Varicella 3 Pertussis 4 Hepatitis B 5 Seasonal influenza 6 Human papillomavirus Which behavior indicates a client has entered the second stage of labor? 1 Restless, thrashing about 2 Complaint of sudden, intense back pain 3 Report of feeling pressure on the rectum 4 Request for medication to relieve pain from the strong contractions Soon after a vaginal examination revealing cervical dilation of 8 cm, bloody show increases and the client becomes nauseated and irritable. Which phase of labor would the nurse conclude the client is entering? 1 Latent 2 Active 3 Transition 4 Early active . Which information would be given to a client about her position while an internal fetal monitor is in place? 1 The most comfortable position may be assumed. 2 Monitoring is more accurate in the side-lying position. 3 Maintaining a supine position holds the internal electrodes in place. 4 The monitor leads need to be detached when sitting on the bedpan. 5. Initial vaginal examination reveals that a client’s cervix is dilated 4 cm and 100% effaced. Two hours later the client experiences rectal pressure, followed by delivery 5 minutes later. Which is the correct documentation of this delivery? 1 Precipitous vaginal delivery 2 Prolonged transitional phase 3 Primigravida primary delivery 4 Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery 6. Where would the nurse expect the fundus to be located on the second postpartum day? 1 At the level of the umbilicus 2 1 fingerbreadth above the umbilicus 3 Above and to the right of the umbilicus 4 1 or 2 fingerbreadths below the umbilicus . Which is the appropriate nursing action for a client in active labor whose cervix is dilated 4 cm and 100% effaced with the fetal head at 0 station? 1 Document the fetal heart rate every 5 minutes. 2 Call the anesthesia department to alert the staff there of an imminent birth. 3 Assist the client’s coach in helping her with the use of breathing techniques. 4 Suggest that the client accept the as-needed (PRN) medication for pain that has been prescribed. Which action would the nurse take when a client begins to shiver uncontrollably about 1 hour after giving birth? 1 Cover the client with blankets to alleviate this typical postpartum reaction. 2 Check vital signs because the client may be experiencing hypovolemic shock. 3 Monitor the client’s blood pressure because shivering may cause it to rise. 4 Obtain a prescription for an increase in the rate of the intravenous fluid infusion to restore the client’s fluid reserves. 9. Which general body system undergoes the most profound change during pregnancy? 1 Urinary system 2 Endocrine system 3 Cardiovascular system 4 Gastrointestinal system 8. Which action would the nurse take when a client begins to shiver uncontrollably about 1 hour after giving birth? 1 Cover the client with blankets to alleviate this typical postpartum reaction. 2 Check vital signs because the client may be experiencing hypovolemic shock. 3 Monitor the client’s blood pressure because shivering may cause it to rise. 4 Obtain a prescription for an increase in the rate of the intravenous fluid infusion to restore the client’s fluid reserves. 9. Which general body system undergoes the most profound change during pregnancy? 1 Urinary system 2 Endocrine system 3 Cardiovascular system 4 Gastrointestinal system 0. Early in the ninth month of pregnancy a client experiences painless vaginal bleeding secondary to a placenta previa. Which intervention would the client’s plan of care include? 1 Giving vitamin K to promote clotting 2 Performing a rectal examination to assess cervical dilation 3 Administering an enema to prevent contamination during birth 4 Placing the client in the semi-Fowler position to increase cervical pressure 11. Which assessment finding in a laboring client indicates respiratory alkalosis? 1 A change in the respiratory rate 2 A tingling sensation in the hands 3 Periodic changes in the fetal heart rate 4 A pulse oximetry reading of less than 98% A client’s cervix is dilated 3 cm and 50% effaced. Her membranes have ruptured; the amniotic fluid is clear, and the fetal heart rate is stable. Which outcome would the nurse anticipate? 1 A prolonged second stage of labor 2 A difficult birth resulting from delayed effacement 3 Birth of the fetus within a day 4 The stimulation of labor with an oxytocin infusion Which complication is the pregnant client at risk for related to the dilation of renal pelves and ureters? 1 Frequent urination 2 Urinary tract infection 3 Glomerular filtration rate decreases 4 Increased urinary excretion of protein and albumin 14. The nurse determines that a client’s placenta has separated during the third stage of labor. Which clinical finding supports the nurse’s conclusion? 1 A gush of blood 2 Bogginess of the uterus 3 Shrinkage of the uterus 4 An abrupt drop in blood pressure 15. Which finding indicates the development of a complication from bilateral cephalohematomas? 1 Urine output 2 Skin color 3 Glucose level 4 Rooting/sucking reflex 16. An increase in which hormone can precipitate nausea and vomiting during the first trimester of pregnancy? 1 Estrogen 2 Progesterone 3 Luteinizing hormone 4 Chorionic gonadotropin 17. Which compensatory changes occur in the cardiovascular system during pregnancy? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Systemic vasodilation 2 Increased blood volume 3 Increased blood pressure 4 Increased cardiac output 5 Enlargement of the heart 6 Decreased erythrocyte production 18. Which musculoskeletal changes directly place pregnant clients at increased risk for falls? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Back pain 2 Joint laxity 3 Weight gain 4 Impaired balance 5 Shifting center of gravity 19. During a routine prenatal visit, a client tells the nurse that she often gets muscle weakness and leg cramps. Which condition would the nurse suspect, and which suggestion is made to correct the problem? 1 Hypercalcemia; avoid eating hard cheeses 2 Hypocalcemia; increase her intake of milk 3 Hyperkalemia; consult her health care provider 4 Hypokalemia; increase intake of green leafy vegetables 21. Which is the nurse’s priority assessment for a client in the fourth stage of labor? 1 Degree of relaxation 2 Distention of the bladder 3 Extent of breast engorgement 4 Presence of mother-infant bonding 22. Which action would the nurse take when a laboratory report indicates that a postpartum client being prepared for discharge has a white blood cell (WBC) count of 16,000/mm3 (16 × 109/L)? 1 Check with the nurse manager to see whether the client may go home. 2 Reassess the client for signs of infection by taking her vital signs. 3 Delay the client’s discharge until the health care provider has conducted a complete examination. 4 Place the report in the client’s record because this is an expected postpartum finding. 22. Which action would the nurse take when a laboratory report indicates that a postpartum client being prepared for discharge has a white blood cell (WBC) count of 16,000/mm3 (16 × 109/L)? 1 Check with the nurse manager to see whether the client may go home. 2 Reassess the client for signs of infection by taking her vital signs. 3 Delay the client’s discharge until the health care provider has conducted a complete examination. 4 Place the report in the client’s record because this is an expected postpartum finding. 23. Where would the nurse expect the fundus to be located 3 days after a cesarean birth? 1 One fingerbreadth below the umbilicus 2 Two fingerbreadths below the umbilicus 3 Three fingerbreadths below the umbilicus 4 Four fingerbreadths below the umbilicus 24. Which interventions are included in the immediate care plan of a postpartum client with a fourth-degree laceration? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Pain management with oral analgesics 2 Continuous application of a warm pack 3 Assessment of the site every 15 minutes 4 Gentle cleansing with antibacterial cleanser 5 Application of an ice pack for 20-minute intervals 6 Instructing the client in how to promote normal bowel function 25. A new mother with three young children at home comments she will have to prop the bottle for feedings at home because she will have so much to do. Which is the nurse’s most appropriate response? 1 “You seem concerned about managing your time. Let’s talk about it.” 2 “That’s up to you; you have to do what works for you.” 3 “Holding the baby when feeding is important for development.” 4 “It’s not safe to prop a bottle. The baby could aspirate the fluid.” 26. The nurse instructs a multipara who has just given birth to a large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infant how best to maintain a contracted uterus. Which statement indicates that the teaching was effective? 1 “If I start to bleed, I’ll call for help.” 2 “I’ll massage my uterus regularly to keep it firm.” 3 “If I urinate frequently, my uterus will stay contracted.” 4 “I’ll call you every 15 minutes to massage my uterus.” 27. A client required an extensive episiotomy because her newborn was large. Which nursing intervention will minimize edema and lessen discomfort associated with an episiotomy? 1 Applying ice packs to the perineum 2 Positioning the client off the incisional area 3 Administering an oral analgesic to the client 4 Spraying the perineum with a local anesthetic 29. Which direction would the nurse give to a client at 6 weeks’ gestation who reports using an over-the-counter herbal product as a health supplement? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Stop taking the supplement immediately. 2 Discuss the use of the supplement with the health care provider. 3 Increase the dosage of the supplement as pregnancy progresses. 4 Ask the pharmacist whether the supplement is safe for use during pregnancy. 5 Discuss the use of any other over-the-counter products with the health care provider. 30. Which dietary habit in a pregnant woman would require the nurse to provide additional education? 1 Drinking 1 L of water every day 2 Taking a daily prenatal vitamin 3 Avoiding deli meat and unwashed produce 4 Drinking one small cup of caffeinated coffee each day 1. Which sign in the newborn infant would reflect an Apgar score of 1 in the category of respiration? 1 Good cry 2 Grimace 3 Absent respiration 4 Slow, weak cry Which major group of substances in human milk are of special importance to the newborn and cannot be reproduced in a bottle formula? 1 Amino acids 2 Gamma globulins 3 Essential electrolytes 4 Complex carbohydrates 3. Which adverse effect would the nurse monitor for after administering vitamin K to a newborn? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Pain 2 Edema 3 Jaundice 4 Erythema 5 Hemolysis 4. Where would the nurse find the area of involvement associated with parietal swelling? 1 Over the eyes 2 Behind the ears 3 At the back of the head 4 On the top of the skull 5. The nurse in the newborn nursery is monitoring an infant for jaundice related to ABO incompatibility. Which blood type does the mother usually have to cause this incompatibility? 1 A 2 B 3 O 4 AB 7. Which conditions are risk factors that may place infants at a higher risk for developing jaundice? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Infection 2 African-American race 3 Prematurity 4 Breast-feeding 5 Formula feeding 6 Maternal diabetes 8. Which part of the newborn’s foot is the best site to use to obtain blood for the required newborn metabolic testing? 1 Big toe 2 Foot pad 3 Inner sole 4 Outer heel 9. Which is prevented by providing warm, humidified oxygen to a preterm infant? 1 Apnea 2 Cold stress 3 Respiratory distress 4 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 10. Which is a gastrointestinal manifestation of infection in the newborn? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Lethargy 2 Irritability 3 Nasal flaring 4 Poor perfusion 5 Glucose instability 11. Which finding in a newborn is a behavioral response to pain? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Crying 2 Tachypnea 3 Diaphoresis 4 Tachycardia 5 Hypertension 12. The nurse teaches a new mother how to position her newborn during feedings. Which is the best way to evaluate if the teaching is effective? 1 Develop a basic teaching plan. 2 Ask the mother if she understands. 3 Observe the mother feeding the infant. 4 Determine the mother’s readiness to learn. 13. After the birth of a neonate, a parent asks, “What is that white substance over the baby’s body?” How would the nurse respond? 1 “It’s a fungal infection called thrush.” 2 “It’s unexpected, and it’s called milia.” 3 “It’s expected, and it’s called vernix caseosa.” 4 “It’s a group of capillaries called telangiectatic nevi.” 14. Although the newborn was just cleaned and examined, the mother notes a red rash consisting of small papules on the face, chest, and back of the newborn. Which condition would the nurse recognize? 1 Harlequin sign 2 Vernix caseosa 3 Nevus flammeus 4 Erythema toxicum 15. Which reason would the nurse provide to a new mother about neonatal weight loss in the first 3 days of life? 1 An allergy to formula 2 A hypoglycemic response 3 Ineffective feeding techniques 4 Excretion of accumulated excess fluids 16. Which finding is indicative of hypothermia in a newborn? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Seizures 2 Diaphoresis 3 Flushed skin 4 Poor feeding 5 Hypoglycemia 17. Which characteristic would the nurse anticipate in an infant born at 32 weeks’ gestation? 1 Barely visible areolae and nipples 2 Ear pinnae that spring back when folded 3 Definite creases of the infant’s palms and soles 4 A zero-degree angle on the square window sign 18. Which condition would the nurse document when a newborn infant is noted to have small, flat pink spots on the nape of the neck? 1 Nevi 2 Desquamation 3 Mongolian spots 4 Erythema toxicum 19. Which stool finding would the nurse anticipate in a breastfed neonate? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Pale yellow 2 Light brown 3 Offensive odor 4 Firm consistency 5 Pasty consistency 20. The practice of separating parents from their newborn immediately after birth and limiting their time with the infant during the first few days after delivery contradicts studies related to which? 1 Early rooming-in 2 Taking-in behaviors 3 Taking-hold behaviors 4 Parent-child attachment 21. While teaching a new mother ways to decrease the risk of infection for the newborn, which type of immunity would the nurse explain was transferred to her baby through the placenta? 1 Active natural 2 Passive natural 3 Active artificial 4 Passive artificial 22. When calculating the Apgar score for a newborn, which would the nurse assess in addition to the heart rate? 1 Muscle tone 2 Amount of mucus 3 Degree of head lag 4 Depth of respirations 23. Which is a risk factor of necrotizing enterocolitis in the preterm infant? 1 Polycythemia 2 Hypoglycemia 3 Ventilatory support 4 Antibiotic administration 24. Which finding is indicative of abnormal newborn breathing? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Stridor 2 Mottling 3 Bradypnea 4 Nasal flaring 5 Expiratory grunting 25. Which is the most important parameter for the nurse to monitor during the first 24 hours after the birth of an infant at 36 weeks’ gestation? 1 Duration of cry 2 Respiratory distress 3 Frequency of voiding 4 Poor nutritional intake 26. How would an Apgar score recorded 5 minutes after birth assist the nurse in evaluating the care of the newborn? 1 Gestational age of the newborn 2 Effectiveness of the birthing process 3 Possibility of respiratory distress syndrome 4 Adequacy of the transition to extrauterine life 27. The nurse is differentiating between cephalhematoma and caput succedaneum. Which finding is unique to caput succedaneum? 1 Edema that crosses the suture line 2 Scalp tenderness over the affected area 3 Edema that increases during the first day 4 Scalp over the area becomes ecchymosed 28. Which method would the nurse use to best elicit the Moro reflex in a full-term newborn? 1 Touching the infant’s cheek 2 Striking the surface of the infant’s crib suddenly 3 Allowing the infant’s feet to touch the surface of the crib 4 Stroking the sole of the foot along the outer edge from the heel to the toe 29. Immediately after birth, a newborn is dried before being placed in skin-to-skin contact with the mother. Which type of heat loss would this intervention prevent? 1 Radiation 2 Convection 3 Conduction 4 Evaporation 30. Which behavior would the nurse identify as the Moro reflex response? 1 Extension and adduction of the arms 2 Abduction and then adduction of the arms 3 Adduction of the arms and fanning of the toes 4 Extension of the arms and curling of the fingers SCIENCE HEALTH SCIENCE NURSING NUR 3290

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