Answer and Identify the level of evidence

Answer and Identify the level of evidence of external sources using the evidence hierarchy pyramid for nursing staffing ratios and patient safety during covid-19 Apply the Model for Improvement to a simple evidence-based, healthcare-related change of your design plan a simple test of change using the Model for Improvement (three questions plus one PDSA cycle). proposing your test of change with the following sections: Introduction: answer the Model for Improvement what are we trying to accomplish? In a couple of sentences, describe the problem or issue you are addressing. Close with a project aim statement that meets all of the criteria described in IHI QI 102, Lesson 2). The aim statement must be specific, measurable, and include: a quantifier (decrease by 25%), a time frame (how long is the project? 6 months? 3 months?), and stakeholders who will benefit from the change (patients in an ICU, neonates, etc.) Measurement: answer the how will we know a change is an improvement? In several sentences, describe what data will be collected, from where (patient charts, patient satisfaction surveys, course evaluation forms, etc.), and by whom (project leads, staff nurses, associate dean, etc.). this will explain how you determine if the project aim has been met. Evidence-Based Change: describe the test of change you are proposing. Synthesize the evidence with your proposal and include the level of evidence. Plan and Do: Only include the first PDSA cycle, which should be a very small test of change with a limited number of participants. Describe your proposal for this small cycle – how many people are participating in the change and for how long. Include how they will be informed or educated about the change. Study and Act: In the Study phase of the PDSA cycle, the project team reviews any data collected. The first PDSA cycle is intentionally short so the team most likely will not have achieved the project aim (outcome measure) in the first cycle. However, data may have been collected about process measures (Did the planned change occur as expected? Were there any problems with the new process?) and balancing measures (did any unexpected, untoward events result from the change?). In the Act phase, the project team decides how to respond to the data studied: fix any issues with the change and re-test on a small scale; accept that the change is working well and try it on a larger scale with more participants, or determine that the change is not promising and should not continue. This is for a change proposal, so no data are collected. This section describes what data can be collected during the first, small-scale PDSA cycle and if they are outcome measures, process measures, or balancing measures. SCIENCE HEALTH SCIENCE NURSING NUR 400

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