Ava is a seven-year-old girl, the second of two children

Assignment – Pediatric Normal vs. Abnormal This assignment is designed to help you use your critical thinking skills in deciding whether behavior by a pediatric patient is normal or abnormal. Using your Umphred or Cikulin’s Physical Therapy Handbook for PTAs as references complete the chart below. Reflex and Motor Milestone Self-Assessment/Study Guide Answer “N” if the scenario is normal for the infant/child age noted, or “A” for abnormal Name the reflex, reaction, or milestone described Indicate which reference you used for your answer N or A Age related infant/child behaviors Name of the reflex, reaction or milestone described Reference Used: Umphred or Cikulin N A 2 month old infant has difficulty releasing objects he has in his hand Grasp reflex Umphred A 5 month old turns his head to the side every time his cheek is stroked A 5 month old extends his arms and opens his hands, followed by arm flexion and closed hands after the head is dropped more than 30 degrees A 3 month old demonstrates extension of his RUE and flexion of his LUE when he turns his head to the right It is difficult to place shoes on a 1 year old as his toes curl with pressure on the ball of the foot When removing booties from a 1 month old, his toes extend and abduct when the bootie brushes the sole of his foot A 5-month old cannot chew properly, because every time the spoon is inserted in his mouth, he closes his mouth and sucks/swallows An 8-month old cannot obtain quadruped because when he is in prone, he demonstrates flexion of all extremities A 1-year old cannot creep because each time he looks up in quadruped, there is extension of his UEs and flexion of his UEs leading to “bunny hopping” N or A Age related infant/child behaviors Name of the reflex, reaction or milestone described Reference Used: Umphred or Cikulin A 2-month old has a head lag when pulled to sitting A 5 month old shows good head control when pulled to sitting but does not assist with UE flexion An 8-month old tilts his head to the left when his body is tilted to the right A 14-month old is not yet walking independently, but is cruising A four-month old prone props with his elbows behind his shoulders A 3-month old demonstrates stiff extension of his LEs and weight bearing when held upright with his feet on a solid surface An 18-month old stands independently but must pull up on objects A 5 month old cannot roll from supine to prone A 6 month old requires UE support when sitting A 3 month old flexes his ankle, knee and hip when stroked on the sole of the foot A 4 month old can hold his head in line with his trunk for up to 5 seconds when held in supported prone suspension A 3 year old walks on his toes, but can walk with feet flat if prompted A three year old cannot hop on one foot An 18 month old squats to pick up objects A 12 month old ambulates with “high guard” posture A 24 month old cannot walk backward Gait progresses from 2 to one hand support to independent Learning Assignment Rubric (6) Criteria Ratings Pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAssignment ResponsesComplete Marks: Responses are well developed answers that fully address and develop all aspects of the concept. Utilizes resources and provides reference information as necessary. 20 pts Meets Expectations Responses include well developed answers that fully address and develop all aspects of the concept/question asked. Utilizes resources and provides reference information as necessary. 10 pts Partially Meets Expectations Responses are mostly answered (+/- 50%) and lack moderate details. 0 pts Does Not Meet Expectations Responses are lacking significant detail/thought. 20 pts Total Points: 20

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