Overview In this module, you learned about the significance of

PART A: Exercise station Research question: In older adults admitted to hospital, does an exercise station improve mobility and dynamic balance? A study is conducted to investigate whether an exercise station can improve mobility in elderly patients who are admitted to hospital. Briefly, an exercise station was designed to be placed at the side of the hospital bed and engage patients in mobility exercises. The exercise station includes stepping pedals and a touch monitor with exercise games. Fortynine participants were recruited to the study and randomised to the exercise station or usual care. At the end of their hospital stay, the mobility of the participants was assessed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. In this test, participants are asked to stand up from a sitting position, walk forward three metres, turn around, walk back to the chair and sit back down. The outcome is the time taken (in seconds) from the word “go” until the participant returns to the seated position. In the frail elderly, the population relevant to this study, a TUG greater than 32.6 seconds indicates the patient is at an increased risk of falls. The data for this study are provided in the file exercise-station.csv. The included variables are described in Table 1. tug Time to complete the Timed Up and Go test (seconds) To access the data for this study you will first have to choose ONE of the following two analysis plans: Analysis Plan: Continuous Outcome ï‚· Outcome Variable: Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, analysed as a continuous variable ï‚· Comparison: TUG time between intervention groups ï‚· Statistical Tests: o If data are normally distributed: Independent samples t-test o If data are not normally distributed: Mann-Whitney U test, Question 1 . Describe the characteristics of the participants enrolled in this study using appropriate summary statistics. o Exclude the outcome variable (Timed Up and Go) from this description. o You may present the summary statistics in a neatly formatted table but you should also include a short paragraph to describe the participants Question 2 Generate a plot showing the distribution of Timed Up and Go times by intervention group. Provide a brief description for your plot. o Use Timed Up and Go on the continuous scale, regardless of your chosen analysis plan. Question 3 State the analysis plan you chose to follow. Explain your rational for selecting this plan to address the research question. o There is no single “right” answer to this question. Both analysis plans can be considered valid. Question 4 Conduct the appropriate statistical test that answers the research question. You must follow the analysis plan you committed to when you accessed the data. Report your findings. o In your response, explain how you confirmed the appropriateness of the test o Do not include raw Jamovi output in your answer. You will include the raw output in the appendix. Question 5 Describe one or two limitations of the study. You are not expected to research the outcome or to be a subject matter expert, although you are welcome to incorporate your personal or professional experience.

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