Weaning and Extubation of a Mechanically Ventilated Patient Patient Information:

Study Questions and Exercises 1. Define the following terms: Smog Air pollution Criteria air pollutants Normal ambient air 2. Give examples of how air pollution endangers human health. Include in your discussion a review of the short-term and long-term health effects of air pollution. 3. How does air pollution impact the environment? In what ways can the pollutants NOx and SO2 damage structures and monuments over long periods of time? 4. Define the following sources of air pollution and give examples: Stationary Mobile Natural Anthropogenic 5. Describe how ground-level ozone can be harmful to our health while ozone in the upper stratosphere plays an important role in protecting our health. 6. Explain the adverse health effects attributed to carbon monoxide. Which population groups are likely to be most vulnerable to the effects of carbon monoxide exposure? 7. Define what is meant by a temperature inversion. Explain how temperature inversions contribute to the creation of smog. 8. Explain why environmental health experts are concerned about the possible adverse consequences of exposure to diesel exhaust. Describe one major adverse health effect that has been attributed to diesel exhaust. Name the risk groups that are most affected by exposure to diesel exhaust. 9. Refer to the diagram that shows the anatomy of the human respiratory system (Figure 10-17, part A, page 257). Which parts of the respiratory system are most likely to be affected by fine particulate matter? Image transcription text Bronchus Alveolus Bronchicle FIGURE 10.17 Lung anatomy: A. Diagram of the lungs. B. Human tracheobronchial tree. C. Right lung and left … Show more 10. Define the term Air Quality Index. How does the Air Quality Index aid in protecting the health of the population? 11. Epidemiologic analyses have demonstrated a correlation between an increase in total daily mortality and an increase in air pollution. Give examples of historically significant fatal air pollution episodes that were characterized by extreme increases in air pollution and accompanying increases in mortality. 12. Explain the difference between sick building syndrome and building-related illness. Describe the sources of indoor air pollution that can affect human health adversely. 13. Define what is meant by greenhouse gases and describe how they contribute to the greenhouse effect. 14. Describe three methods for the control of greenhouse gases. Which method, if any, is likely to be most effective? 15. Define the term global warming and present arguments for and against the proposition that global warming has occurred during the past century. What environmental outcomes have been attributed to global warming?

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