on the basis of case study, address the following four
NU709 Review modules COVER 8-14 (bipolar disorder, psychosis, alcohol and opioid use disorder, trauma, dementia, and delirium). Bipolar Disorder: – differentiate BD I from BD II – Incidence/prevalence and risk factors associated with BD – Side effects of mood stabilizer medications (adverse and serious side effects) – Medications to treat acute mania – Medications to treat bipolar depression – Medications that induce mania – Normal versus abnormal drug levels – Medications (including OTC meds) that interact adversely with mood stabilizers (e.g., ibuprofen and lithium) – Antidepressant use in BD – Mood stabilizers in pregnancy (which are safer options versus those with greater teratogenic effects) – Mood stabilizers in chronic kidney or liver disease Psychosis: – differentiate FGAs from SGAs – Clozapine side effects and REMS guidelines – adverse effects and serious side effects of antipsychotic medications, and which side effects are more commonly seen in FGAs versus SGAs (e.g., TD and NMS vs metabolic syndrome) – Which antipsychotic medications can cause QTc prolongation – Which are more sedating – Which have prolactin-sparing properties AUD & OUD: – Effects of alcohol and opioid use on neurotransmitters – Medications prescribed for acute alcohol withdrawal – Medications prescribed for maintenance of alcohol abstinence – Patient education that goes along with both – Health risks associated with acute alcohol withdrawal (be able to identify symptoms, what these manifestations mean diagnostically, and what to do about them). – COWS and CIWA scales Trauma: – Make sure to know the criteria for diagnosis – First-line treatment for symptoms of PTSD – Safety and risk factors associated with PTSD et al. trauma Geriatric Considerations: – the differences between dementia and delirium – Etiology of each – Treatment options (pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic with side effect profile) – Caution when prescribing for the elderly (start low/go slow, black box warnings on certain medications, medication debridement) – Polypharmacy: prescribing cascade – the side effects of drugs are misdiagnosed and identified as another problem, resulting in more medications prescribed, and further side effects…
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