An adolescent patient is brought to the emergency room by

Rate of drug self-administration is a. a perfectly reliable and accurate measure of a drug’s abuse liability. b. an imperfect measure of the abuse liability of a drug because the motor effects of some readily abused drugs may interfere with an animal’s ability to produce an operant response. c. an inaccurate measure of a drug’s abuse liability because all readily abused drugs are highly reinforcing, thereby producing a ceiling effect on operant responding. d. inversely related to the abuse liability of a drug. e. tremendously difficult to interpret, as a measure of the abuse liability of a drug, and is therefore rarely assessed in animal research.

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