These are my findings. I am explaining explain Chronic diseases affecting thermoregulation and preve
These are my findings. I am explaining explain Chronic diseases affecting thermoregulation and prevention strategies for thermoregulationI am struggling to find graphs or data and pics to put on my slides. please help me Research Content 1. Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular diseases significantly impair the body’s ability to regulate temperature through several mechanisms: Reduced cardiac output limits blood flow to the skin for heat dissipation Medications like beta-blockers and diuretics can impair sweating Vascular dysfunction prevents efficient blood redistribution during temperature changes The CDC (2024) reports that people with cardiovascular diseases are more vulnerable to heat-related illness because their bodies cannot efficiently pump blood to the skin to cool down. During heat exposure, the heart must work harder to maintain normal body temperature, which can worsen existing cardiovascular conditions. 2. Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes significantly impairs thermoregulation through multiple pathways: Autonomic neuropathy affects sweat gland function and blood vessel dilation Metabolic changes alter heat production and dissipation Dehydration risk is elevated due to polyuria Kenny et al. (2016) presented comprehensive data showing that individuals with diabetes demonstrate impaired heat loss during passive heat exposure: Key findings from their research: People with type 2 diabetes showed 60% lower whole-body heat loss compared to control subjects Core temperature increases were significantly higher in diabetic patients during heat exposure Skin blood flow responses were blunted in diabetes, limiting heat dissipation 3. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) CKD profoundly affects thermoregulation through: Impaired fluid balance regulation Electrolyte abnormalities affecting neural control of temperature Reduced ability to concentrate urine during heat stress Recent research by Zhang et al. (2024) analyzed data from the DAPA-CKD trial involving 4,304 patients with CKD and found: For each 1°C increase in maximum temperature, there was a 0.35 mL/min/1.73m² decline in eGFR (kidney function) Higher ambient temperatures were associated with increased risk of kidney function deterioration Patients with advanced CKD (stages 3-4) showed greater vulnerability to heat effects Additionally, Wang et al. (2024) documented that heat waves significantly increased CKD hospitalization rates, with a 5.4% increase in hospitalizations during heat wave periods. 4. Parkinson’s Disease Parkinson’s disease affects thermoregulation through: Autonomic dysfunction impairing sweating responses Altered hypothalamic control of temperature regulation Medication side effects that affect temperature perception According to Gilbert (2023), approximately 40-50% of people with Parkinson’s disease experience temperature regulation problems. The dysfunction in the autonomic nervous system causes excessive sweating, heat intolerance, and inability to appropriately respond to environmental temperature changes. Reference/s: CDC. (2024). Clinical Overview of Heat and Cardiovascular Disease – CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/hcp/clinical-overview/heat-and-people-with-cardiovascular-disease.html CDC. (2024). Heat and Chronic Conditions | Heat Health – CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/risk-factors/heat-and-chronic-conditions.html Gilbert, R. (2023). Parkinson’s Disease & Body Temperature Regulation | APDA. https://www.apdaparkinson.org/article/temperature-dysregulation-and-parkinsons/ Kenny, G. P., Sigal, R. J., & McGinn, R. (2016). Body temperature regulation in diabetes. Temperature (Austin, Tex.), 3(1), 119-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2015.1131506 Kidney Care UK. (2024). Living with CKD: stay safe in the heat and in the sun. https://kidneycareuk.org/kidney-disease-information/living-with-kidney-disease/stay-safe-in-heat-and-sun/ Sato, Y., Roncal-Jimenez, C. A., Andres-Hernando, A., Jensen, T., Tolan, D. R., Sanchez-Lozada, L. G., Newman, L. S., Butler-Dawson, J., Sorensen, C., Glaser, J., Miyazaki, M., Diaz, H. F., Ishimoto, T., Kosugi, T., Maruyama, S., Garcia, G. E., Lanaspa, M. A., & Johnson, R. J. (2019). Increase of core temperature affected the progression of kidney injury by repeated heat stress exposure. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 317(5), F1111-F1121. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00259.2019 Wang, W., Wang, F., Yang, C., Wang, J., Liang, Z., Zhang, F., Li, P., & Zhang, L. (2024). Associations between heat waves and chronic kidney disease in China: The modifying role of land cover. Environment International, 186, 108657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.108657 8 Zhang, Z., Heerspink, H. J. L., Chertow, G. M., Correa-Rotter, R., Gasparrini, A., Jongs, N., Langkilde, A. M., McMurray, J. J. V., Mistry, M. N., Rossing, P., Toto, R. D., Vart, P., Nitsch, D., Wheeler, D. C., & Caplin, B. (2024). Ambient heat exposure and kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease: A post-hoc analysis of the DAPA-CKD trial. The Lancet Regional Health – Europe, 8(4), e225-e233. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00026-3
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