A. Interview a nursing policy leader and discuss the following
Question: At the end of 2020, how many people in the world were living with HIV/AIDS? Question: How many lymph nodes are in the human body? Question: When was Ebola first discovered? Question: What percentage of the world’s population is at risk for contracting malaria? Case Study Comprehensive S.M.A.R.T. Case Deja works at the CDC as a resource provider for the malaria hotline. Most calls that she receives come from within the United States—either from healthcare providers seeking recommendations for managing an imported malaria case or from people planning to travel to malaria-prone areas and requesting information on how to prevent malaria. But on Sunday night, Deja received a call from a college student named Kiara, who is two weeks into a summer-long internship in Sierra Leone with a nonprofit agency that digs wells in remote villages of West Africa. Kiara complains of a high fever, severe body aches, and nausea. She’s concerned that she might have malaria, and worried that if she needs to immediately see a doctor, there isn’t one available in the village where she’s staying. Deja tries to calm and reassure Kiara, and then gathers a patient history. Kiara came to West Africa with enough antimalarial prophylaxis medication for her entire stay, but admits she has forgotten to take it ‟a few times” since her arrival. She doesn’t sleep in a mosquito bed net, but applies DEET-based insect repellant each morning before going to work. Over the past day Kiara developed a faint pink rash on her torso. The fever and aches are persistent, rather than intermittent. She feels “awful all over,” but doesn’t report joint pain. She started feeling ill yesterday and got progressively worse throughout today. She doesn’t have any bleeding from the nose or mouth. Deja then asked if over the past week Kiara had contacted anyone who was bleeding or if any of her coworkers were ill. Kiara reported that none of her team members were sick, but that a man died in the village this week, after a long illness. Kiara paid her respects to the family members of the deceased, but did not have any contact with the man himself, enter his house, or attend the funeral. Deja does a computer search to help Kiara locate the nearest reliable medical clinic. The town Kiara mentioned as being three hours away does have a clinic. Deja asks Kiara to find a way to get to the clinic as soon as possible, and to call back if the clinic tries to prescribe any medication. She also requests that Kiara let her know what treatment is offered, if any. Kiara would need a blood test to make final confirmation of the disease Deja suspects. Case-Based Questions 1. What diseases would Deja automatically suspect based solely on Kiara’s fever, nausea, body aches, and West Africa location? How does adding a rash to the list of symptoms change your response? 2. What disease was Deja trying to ascertain risk of when she asked Kiara about contact with ill people showing symptoms of bleeding? What factor(s) in Kiara’s situation makes asking about this particular disease important? 3. Is malaria the most likely disease that Kiara is experiencing? Support your response with evidence. 4. Based on her history and symptoms, what disease(s) does Kiara have the greatest probability of contracting? Explain your answer. 5. Why did Deja tell Kiara to get to a clinic as soon as possible? What complications does Deja fear? 6. Is there any danger of Kiara infecting her coworkers? Why or why not?
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