Casey is a new mother to a 3-month-old. She is
Case study A: Diego (anatomy and physiology) Case Information: Diego is a 25-year-old male university student, currently balancing his studies with baseball training. He has played with his local club for several years and enjoys attending team training two times per each week and goes to the gym on 2-3 other days per week. He practices his bat swinging and hitting when he can, in addition to his team training sessions. Whilst he is not an elite athlete, he is committed to his sport, and it is rare for him to miss an exercise session. Information for Question 1. Diego has been refining his batting technique, trying to ensure that he doesn’t miss hitting a ball when he swings the bat. 1. Explain how Diego’s brain is involved in co-ordinating his batting technique to ensure that he doesn’t miss hitting the ball. Include relevant aspects of sensory and motor function. Guidance for students. Consider all relevant aspects of Diego’s case information, and the question, in your response. Focus on relevant aspects of the nervous system and apply that information to the situation with Diego. Ensure that you include specific brain regions in your response, such as a main brain region or a lobe of a cerebral hemisphere. Your response should focus on the roles of body systems that have been considered in HLT100 up to and including Week 8, as relevant. Explain in brief with references APA 7. Question 2. Information for Question 2. Diego enjoys baseball practise, sometimes training for 2 or 3 hours, and he regularly drinks water during practice. He also ensures that he continues drinking water in the next 1-2 hours after finishing training. 2. Apply concepts of homeostasis to explain how Diego’s blood volume (plasma) remains constant during and after his basketball practise. Consider the implications of this fluid homeostasis. Guidance for students. Consider all relevant aspects of Diego’s case information, and the question, in your response. Describe and discuss integration between multiple body systems as relevant to the scenario (multiple = two or more systems) when considering the effect on blood volume (plasma). Relate this to intracellular fluid homeostasis for his skeletal muscle and brain. Your response should focus on the roles of body systems that have been considered in HLT100 up to and including Week 8, as relevant. Explain in brief with references APA 7. Question 3. Information for Question 3. During practice, Diego’s breathing rate can increase from his resting value of 12 breaths per minute, up to 40 breaths per minute; his tidal volume increases from 500 mL per breath at rest to 2.5L per breath during exercise. His resting heart rate increases from 55 beats per minute to 200 beats per minute during exercise, and stroke volume increases from 110mL per beat at rest to 150 mL per beat during exercise. Use understanding of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems to interpret Diego’s breathing patterns and cardiac function and explore the differences between resting values to during exercise. Focus on the relevance of these changes in maintaining homeostasis of blood pH during exercise (in the short term). Guidance for students. Consider all relevant aspects of Diego’s case information, and the question, in your response. Describe and discuss integration between multiple body systems as relevant to the scenario (multiple = two or more systems) when considering the effect on the blood pH during his exercise (short term). Your response should focus on the roles of body systems that have been considered in HLT100 up to and including Week 8, as relevant. Explain in brief with references APA 7. Question 4. Information for Question 4. It during the day on a weekend, and one hour after a baseball game, Diego has returned home and is finding it difficult to relax as he is still annoyed at some of the umpire’s decisions in the game. 4. Use understanding of the autonomic nervous system to explain the anatomy and physiology of what physiological changes would occur in Diego if he were able to become relaxed. Ensure that your response includes changes in multiple body systems. Suggest ONE approach that may be used to assist in lowering Diego’s heart rate back to normal. Guidance for students. Consider all relevant aspects of Diego’s case information, and the question, in your response. Ensure that you include specific focus on the response in TWO body systems – one of these must be either the respiratory or cardiovascular system, and the second body system is ANY main body system of your choice. Provide an evidence base of at least 3 peer-reviewed journal articles that all support any ONE approach to assist in lowering Diego’s heart rate; this intervention must not involve any medication or surgical procedure. Your response should focus on the roles of body systems that have been considered in HLT100 up to and including Week 8, as relevant. Explain in brief more than 400 words with references APA 7.
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