Midterm review: Levels of organization – cell,

Midterm review: Levels of organization – cell, tissue, community, ecosystem What is biology? Be able to define What is the smallest unit of life? Be able to describe the energy flow within an ecosystem Be able to classify a species to it’s domain. Ex: Halophile Know some examples of multicellular organisms that contain a nucleus How organisms maintain their internal environment Know the key features of all living things Taxonomic organization – ex. Homo sapiens. Which part is genus, species, family, domain, etc Comparing eukaryotes and prokaryotes – what do they share in common? How do biologists determine the species of living things – what do they look for? Define critical thinking Define variables in a hypothetical scientific experiment Why are experiments designed so that they yield quantitative results? Know how to determine of an experiment has “bias” – examples What is an isotope? If given a common element, determine the number of electrons in its outermost shell Know some basic facts about protons, electrons and neutrons Know differences between atomic number, atomic mass, element symbol Octet Rule – unstable electron in shell How does an element become an ion – what does it add to become an ion? How do you determine the element of a particular atom? Know some characteristics of unsaturated and saturated fats Know the number of covalent bonds an element can have , ex. How many covalent bonds can Carbon form? Examples of reactions – hydrolysis, condensation reaction, etc. What characteristics of water make it a polar molecule? Know differences and examples between solute, solvent and solution pH – know some examples of acids/bases, pH scale, and what would happen in you add hydrogen (H+) or hydroxide (OH-) ions? Know the role of glycogen in your body – what does glycogen do in terms of energy for the human body What do enzymes do? Know some examples of protein monomers What is a nucleotide? Know some characteristics of amino acids Know examples/types of lipids/carbohydrates What is the main component of the plant cell wall, but is indigestible for most animals? Know some facts about a cell’s size – surface to volume ratio Know the principles of the cell theory What features are found in all cells (i.e., structures/organelles) What is the function/purpose of the rough ER, endomembrane system, mitochondria, cilia, cytosol, cell membrane, ribosomes, golgi body (golgi apparatus), nucleus? Know differences in what is found in a plant cell vs animal cell (i.e, photosynthesis, chloroplasts) What is biofilm? What is an organelle? What does an enzyme do – function? Define work What is the role of reactants and products in a reaction? Transport types – differences (i.e., active transport, passive transport, facilitated diffusion) What is osmosis? Salt concentration effects on red blood cell What is the “currency in the cell energy economy”? SCIENCE HEALTH SCIENCE NURSING BIO 189

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