Read the following role concepts and role

Read the following role concepts and role development issues of APN. Give some insights on how to deal with those issues. Cite a reference supported by 1 peer-reviewed/current reference (2018 to present). According to the APRN Consensus model, the four APRN roles are defined as CNRA, CNS, CNM, and NP in acute or primary care. In order to meet APRN criteria, nurses must have completed an accredited graduate level education program, pass a national certification exam, maintain competencies through national recertification, have a license to practice in one of the four APRN roles, has clinical skills and knowledge to provide direct care, builds on RN competencies, and able to assume responsibility/accountability for what the role entails (Tracy & O’Grady, 2019). Since there are multiple specialties within the APRN role, the model itself does not elaborate on how they will develop the core competencies. This is an issue in particular due to the fact that APRNs are left to develop their own core competencies (Tracy & O’Grady, 2019). Another open-ended issue is that several major nursing organizations have endorsed the Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) as the entry to practice; however, the American College of Nurse Midwives has not. The ACNM has stated that a graduate degree program for certification being completed will meet the educational requirement. The AANA, NONPF, and NACNS currently endorse the DNP as their standard (Tracy & O’Grady, 2019). An example that comes to mind is how the student is prepared to take on the NP role. While a graduate education and RN experience may certainly help build the foundation for an APRN, both of these may also not suffice for the APRN to meet the needs of a population with critical needs. This is a particular issue that is brought up by Hamric & Hanson and is relevant to practice. This particular issue is discussed in Nurse Education Today, where Ljungbeck et al reviewed evidence that addressed the preparation of 159 NPs post-graduation. According to the evidence reviewed, more than half of the NPs did not feel prepared to handle the work that came with the role (Ljungbeck et al, 2020). To add to that number, 60% also felt the gap between knowledge and their skill set related to their clinical practice (Ljungbeck et al, 2020). Although we work alongside physicians, it is important to recognize there are limitations to our roles. Physicians spend anywhere between three to ten years in training prior to become independent practitioners, and our professions significantly differ in that regard. It is important for the ANA to address this particular issue, as the right preparation will help NPs be more confident in their roles coming out of school. SCIENCE HEALTH SCIENCE NURSING NUR NUR-5081

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