Reply to your peer’s post below in 100-15o words and include oone reference. Despite goals

Reply to your peer’s post below in 100-15o words and include oone reference. Despite goals and efforts in the United States to eliminate or reduce disparities in healthcare, significant disparities, including access to healthcare, risk factors, mortality, and morbidity continue in vulnerable populations. Vulnerable populations are groups and communities at a higher risk for poor health as a result of the different barriers that they experience to social, economic, political, and environmental resources, as well as limitations due to illness or disability (Bhatt & Bathija, 2018). These groups and communities are at high risk for poor health status and healthcare access, have limited access to healthcare services, and mostly undergo significant disparities in life expectancy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), vulnerable populations include pediatric groups, the homeless, the uninsured, malnourished people, pregnant women, children, racial and ethnic minorities, people with HIV/AIDS, people with chronic health conditions, and those individuals who are economically disadvantaged (WHO, 2023). Nursing care of populations involves working with larger groups of people and their corresponding multiple healthcare needs (GCU, 2018). Diverse populations have various health disparities and health inequities that affect their ability to maintain health and meet healthcare needs (GCU, 2018). The elderly or older adults aged 65 years and older are groups in the United States and from other countries that qualify as vulnerable populations. Adults aged 65 years and older as designated as “vulnerable” because there are different states that make them vulnerable, including untimely or degrading death, oversupply of care and interference, lack of physical care and health care, poverty, homelessness, exclusion from participation in society, loss of autonomy and dependence, lack of social contacts, institutionalization, and loneliness (SmithLife Homecare, 2020). Furthermore, some threats like disability, declines in health and physical strength, loss of income, and loss of a spouse or other network members, particularly affect older people in that they arise from the biological and social processes of aging. In 2020, 17% of people living in the United States were 65 or older, representing about 55.7 million people (ACL, 2022). In 2019, there were 703 million persons aged 65 years or over in the world (UN, 2019). This number is projected to double to 1.5 billion in 2050 (UN, 2019). Older adults are also vulnerable to elder abuse, including physical, verbal, psychological, financial and sexual abuse, neglect, abandonment, and serious losses of respect and dignity. They are vulnerable because of their conditions, cognitive impairment, physical disability, and other functional limitations. Some of the biggest challenges that older adults aged 65 or older face include ageism and a lost sense of purpose, financial insecurity, difficulty with mobility and everyday tasks, finding the right care provision, end-of-life preparations, and access to healthcare services (SmithLife Homecare, 2020). Older adults aged 65 or older are unable to advocate for themselves because most of them are not aware of their basic rights, are economically unstable, and can be easily controlled. When working with these groups, public health nurses should advocate and support them and consider different ethical issues such as the protection of human dignity and rights and providing care with informed consent, avoiding possible risks to their health, and ensuring staffing patterns do not limit their access to nursing care. Nursing advocacy would help to emphasize the well-being and health of the patients, therefore, improving their health condition. Furthermore, nursing advocacy will help to save the aging population money and time and help minimize their stress levels. Public health nurses can provide older adult patients with all of the resources and information necessary to be well-informed about their health condition so they can make their own decisions. Public health nurse can support older adults by educating and advocating health, providing care, promoting and empowering them toward health, and providing them with emotional and nutritional support. References Administration for Community Living (ACL). (2022 November). 2021 Profile of Older Americans. Retrieved 5th February 2025 from https://acl.gov/sites/default/files/Profile%20of%20OA/2021%20Profile%20of%20OA/2021ProfileOlderAmericans_508.pdf Bhatt, J., & Bathija, P. (2018). Ensuring access to quality health care in vulnerable communities. Academic Medicine, 93(9), 1271-1275. https://doi.org/10.1097%2FACM.0000000000002254 Grand Canyon University (GCU). (2018). Community and Public Health: The Future of Health Care (1st Edition). Retrieved 5th February 2025 from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs427vn/community-and-public-health-the-future-of-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/1 SmithLife Homecare. (2020 August 30). What are the Biggest Challenges for Elderly People in Our Society? Retrieved 5th February 2025 from https://www.smithlifehomecare.com/what-are-the-biggest-challenges-for-elderly-people-in-our-society/ United Nations (UN). (2019). World Population Ageing 2019. Retrieved 5th February 2025 from https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WorldPopulationAgeing2019-Highlights.pdf World Health Organization (WHO). (2023). Vulnerable Populations. Retrieved 5th February 2025 from https://www.who.int/teams/environment-climate-change-and-health/air-quality-and-health/videos/mosaic/air-quality-management/vulnerable-populations

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