reword the following and put into bullet points – The process of falling asleep is
reword the following and put into bullet points – The process of falling asleep is governed by a complex interplay between various physiological mechanisms, primarily involving the circadian rhythms and the sleep-wake homeostasis. Circadian Rhythms and the Biological Clock At the core of sleep regulation is the circadian rhythm, an internal time-keeping system orchestrated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) located in the hypothalamus. This “biological clock” syncs bodily functions to a roughly 24-hour cycle, primarily in response to environmental light cues. During the day, exposure to light signals the SCN to inhibit the release of melatonin, a hormone that induces sleepiness. As the day turns to night, reduced light levels trigger the SCN to allow melatonin production, promoting sleep onset. Homeostatic Sleep Drive Alongside circadian rhythms, the homeostatic sleep drive accumulates throughout waking hours. This drive is proportional to the length of time one has been awake and increases the need for sleep. The longer an individual is awake, the stronger the drive, fostering deeper sleep to restore balance.
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