Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the

Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the conditions and environmental a person is born into and lives that contributes to or harms their health. These include where one is born, grows, educated, works, plays, religion, and ages. (Green, 2018). SDOH can contribute to a healthy lifestyle if the condition one lives is safe, clean neighborhood without worry of crime or drugs, quality education, job opportunities, and access to healthcare. Another person may find themselves living in an unstable environment, dropped out of school, living paycheck to paycheck, no health insurance, and with only processed food options available. Disease often disproportionately affects individuals with lower socioeconomic status or health disparities. Healthy People 2023 defines health disparities as “a particular type of health difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage.” As listed above, the SDOH of the second example contributes to poor healthcare resulting in a risk of illness and disease. Not having access to a safe living environment, stressful work and living environments, no regular health care visits, or being at risk of food insecurity all contribute to high risk factors for illness and disease. Through the study of disease, course, spread, and eradication, (Green, 2018) epidemiology has determined disease does not randomly happen. It occurs within a population of high risk for health disparities. (CDC, 2012). The epidemiology triad best describes the transmission of disease from one person to another. The triad begins with an agent, the infectious pathogen. The agent needs a susceptible host, the one who can get the disease from the agent. Finishing with the environment. These is the factors that affect the agent and allow transmission. Examples are crowding, poor sanitation, and lack of interventions. (CDC, 2012). Nurses play an important role in preventing and educating the community about the transmission of diseases. Before there is a threat of disease, encouraging the community to get and update vaccinations. Also, good hand washing and hygiene practices. This also an important step to prevent transmission of an illness. Instruct the sick to isolate from others. Nurses interacting with patients need to wear proper protective equipment and clean and sterilize equipment and surfaces. (Infection Prevention, 2022). Please reply to this DQ with 2 references less than 5 years old SCIENCE HEALTH SCIENCE NURSING COMMUNITY 428

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