15. The patient is experiencing an increase

15. The patient is experiencing an increase in intracranial pressure. This increase results in: a. ventricular swelling. b. intracranial hypotension. c. brain tissue hypoxia. d. expansion of the cranial vault. 16. A compensatory alteration in the diameter of cerebral blood vessels in response to increased intracranial pressure is called: a. vasodilation. b. herniation. c. autoregulation. d. amyotrophy. 17. A patient is admitted to the neurological critical care unit with a severe closed head injury. When an intraventricular catheter is inserted, the intracranial pressure (ICP) is recorded at 24 mm Hg. How should the nurse interpret this reading? a. Normal b. Higher than normal c. Borderline d. Lower than normal 18. A 70-year-old patient is being closely monitored in the neurological critical care unit for a severe closed head injury. After 48 hours, signs of deterioration occur: pupils are small and sluggish, pulse pressure is widening, and heart rate is bradycardic. These clinical findings are evidence of what stage of intracranial hypertension? a. Stage 4 b. Stage 3 c. Stage 1 d. Stage 2 19. The primary care provider states that the patient is experiencing vasogenic edema. The nurse realizes vasogenic edema is clinically important because: a. ICP is excessively high. b. the blood-brain barrier is disrupted. c. it usually has an infectious cause. d. it always causes herniation. 20. The progress notes read: the cerebellar tonsil has shifted through the foramen magnum due to increased pressure within the posterior fossa. The nurse would identify this note as a description of _____ herniation. a. infratentorial b. central c. cingulated gyrus d. supratentorial 21. An infant is diagnosed with noncommunicating hydrocephalus. What is an immediate priority concern for this patient? a. Interstitial edema b. Vasogenic edema c. Ischemic edema d. Metabolic edema 22. An adult is diagnosed with communicating hydrocephalus. The form of hydrocephalus in adults is most often caused by: a. defective CSF reabsorption. b. elevated arterial blood pressure. c. overproduction of CSF. d. intercellular edema. 23. A 16-year-old male fell off the bed of a pickup truck and hit his forehead on the road. He now has resistance to passive movement that varies proportionally with the force applied. He is most likely suffering from: a. rigidity. b. dystonia. c. spasticity. d. paratonia. 24. A patient reports tiring easily, having difficulty rising from a sitting position, and the inability to stand on toes. The nurse would expect a diagnosis of: a. hypotonia. b. Huntington disease. c. Parkinson disease. d. paresis. 25. A patient has paralysis of both legs. What type of paralysis does the patient have? a. Infraparaplegia b. Quadriplegia c. Paraplegia d. Paresthesia 26. Spinal shock is characterized by: a. loss of spinal cord function at the level of the lesion only. b. cessation of spinal cord function below the lesion. c. loss of voluntary motor function with preservation of reflexes. d. temporary loss of spinal cord function above the lesion. 27. A patient has excessive movement. What disorder will the nurse see documented on the chart? a. Akinesia b. Hypokinesia c. Dyskinesia d. Hyperkinesia 28. A 40-year-old male complains of uncontrolled excessive movement and progressive dysfunction of intellectual and thought processes. He is experiencing movement problems that begin in the face and arms and eventually affect the entire body. The most likely diagnosis is: a. tardive dyskinesia. b. Huntington disease. c. Alzheimer disease. d. hypokinesia. 29. A nurse notes that a patient walks with the leg extended and held stiff, causing a scraping over the floor surface. What type of gait is the patient experiencing? a. Basal ganglion gait b. Scissors gait c. Spastic gait d. Cerebellar gait 30. A patient is admitted to the neurological critical care unit with a severe closed head injury. All four extremities are in rigid extension, the forearms are hyperpronated, and the legs are in plantar extension. How should the nurse chart this condition? a. Decorticate posturing b. Basal ganglion posturing c. Decerebrate posturing d. Dystonic posturing 31. A nurse recalls that neural systems basic to cognitive functions include _____ systems. (select all that apply) a. tactile b. attentional c. sensory and motor d. affective e. memory and language 32. The nurse is explaining clinical manifestations of alterations in the extrapyramidal system. The nurse would correctly include: (select all that apply) a. little or no paralysis of voluntary movement. b. normal or slightly increased tendon reflexes. c. rigidity in muscle tone. d. presence of tremor. e. positive (present) Babinski.

******CLICK ORDER NOW BELOW AND OUR WRITERS WILL WRITE AN ANSWER TO THIS ASSIGNMENT OR ANY OTHER ASSIGNMENT, DISCUSSION, ESSAY, HOMEWORK OR QUESTION YOU MAY HAVE. OUR PAPERS ARE PLAGIARISM FREE*******."