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Asking for some help with this study guide for an upcoming exam on my orthotics chapters

 

There are numerous structures we need to be considerate of when fabricating, fitting, or monitoring orthoses.

These include the (#)____ arches of the hand, the dual obliquity (or “cascade”) of the hand, and the palmar creases.  

The palmar arches of the hand include the following:  

The _______________________ arch starts at the capitate (or “keystone of the wrist”) and arches up through the length of the palm to the metacarpal of the 3rd finger. 

The _______________ ___________________ arch  is a bony, fixed arch that makes up the carpal tunnel.  

The _______________________ ____________________, possibly the most important arch, follows across the ___________________  __________  of digits 2-5 and is the basis for dexterity. Flattening of this arch, often caused by ____________________  ______________________  ______________________  _____________________  or __________________________, leads to dysfunction of the hand. 

The palmar creases are important as they indicate where  ____________ ______________________   occurs.  These include the ___________, ________________, _____________, and creases at each finger joint.  However, it gets a little more complicated at the MCPs:  the _______________ crease is associated with MCP flexion of digits ____ and _____ , while the ______________ crease is associated with flexion of the  ____,____, and _____ digits.

_________________________________________ is the basis of all prehension patterns.  Therefore, if this area is to be included in the splint this digit is positioned this way to allow ____________ and ________________________.  If it wasn’t, they wouldn’t be able to use the hand functionally.

The functional position of the hand involves _____________________ of wrist extension, thumb ____________________________________________________, and MCPs ____________________________, and IPs in ___________________ of flexion.  We need to keep this in mind when fabricating splints if we want our clients to be able to do their ADLs, work, etc while wearing it.

Another position we use in splinting is the Resting position.  This involves _____________________ of wrist extension, ___________________________ of all finger joints, and thumb __________________________________________________________ and _________________________________________________.  At times we are asked to fabricate orthoses in this position to rest the hand.

A third position, called the ____________position is also known as the Position of Safe Immobilization.  We use this to keep the collateral ligaments of the hand stretched thereby preventing their contracture.  Once these structures contract they are extremely hard, and sometimes impossible short of surgery, to correct.  This very important position includes _______________ wrist extension, MCP_________ ,  and full IP and DIP __________________.

The way splints are classified can be confusing as the manner we do so has changed significantly over time.  Currently we use the ________________  __________  ________________________  ______________ that classifies orthoses as used for ______________________, ________________________,  ______________________,  and _____________  purposes.  Most therapists use the older classifications of ______________,  __________________, and _____________  ______________________.

 

SCIENCE
HEALTH SCIENCE
NURSING
OTA 206

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