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Identify the three (3) aims of “5 moments of Hand Hygiene” 

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 2. Answer the questions in the table.

Outline the steps for using alcohol-based hand rub.  
Outline the steps for handwashing using soap (including antimicrobial soap) and water.  
Identify two (2) clinical moments when you should perform hand hygiene with soap and water instead of alcohol-based hand rub?  
Outline the procedure for a pre-surgical hand wash.  
As per the Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare 2019, what type of jewellery / watches are recommended for nurses in a health care environment?  

 

3. When would you use the following Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?

Gloves  
Gowns or waterproof aprons  
Protective glasses  
Masks  

 

4. As per the Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare, when should the following items be cleaned and the solution to be used?

Items found in the general health care setting Minimum cleaning required Solution to use 
Bed Rails (significant risk)    
Bedside table    
Computer & keyboard    
Manual handling (i.e. hoists)    
Blood pressure cuff    
Surfaces (general horizontal) in patient room e.g., ledges    

5.Outline the procedure for spot cleaning of a blood spill or a body fluid spill. 

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6. You work on a medical ward, and you witness your work colleague trip while carrying a full urine bottle, the urine splashed onto their face and cloths.

According to the QLD health Guideline Management of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids 2017, what are the immediately actions following exposure to blood or body fluids (identify at least four (4) steps, including reporting procedure).

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 7.List five (5) ways you could reduce the spread of infection when handling and transporting linen in a Health care facility.

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8.      State the correct way to dispose of needles and other sharp objects.

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9.   Using the “Spalding system” there are three (3) categories that equipment for reprocessing are placed into. In the table below, state each of the categories and provide a brief outline as to how and when cleaning should occur?

“Spaulding system” category. Brief outline as to when and how cleaning should occur?
   
   
   

 

10. Ms Frost has been admitted with the potential diagnosis of respiratory tuberculosis for investigation. Identify two (2) additional precautions other than your standard precautions that maybe used to prevent airborne or contact transmission of infection from Mrs Frost.

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11. Identify the type of face masks that are required for any healthcare workers providing direct care or working within a zone for individuals where assessment of a client suggests a high-risk of COVID 19 transmission.

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12. Each of the terms in the table below relate to the chain of infection, provide a description.

Term Description
Source of infection (reservoir)  
Mode of transmission  
Susceptible host  

 

13. Match the following terms (in the box) that describe the basis of infection with their descriptions given in the table.

Terms: Colonisation, Infection, Disease, Bacteria, Bacterial spores, Fungi, Virus

Term Description
  State that exists when microorganisms have gained entry and have multiplied in the tissues of a host, causing damage to cells or tissues, resulting in either localized or systemic injury.
  Process whereby the microorganisms become resident flora. In this state, the microorganisms may grow and multiply but do not cause any harm or disease to the person
 

Specialized microorganisms with a number of distinctive characteristics:

Most are ultramicroscopic, meaning that they are too small to be seen with a light microscope and can be viewed only with an electron microscope.
They have no cell structure, and they lack a rigid cell wall.
They are intracellular parasites, meaning that they can grow and reproduce only when living within a host cell, and cannot be cultured on dead or artificial media.

  They are single-celled microscopic organisms without a nucleus that have the capacity to reproduce rapidly. Bacteria make up the largest group of pathogens and are often treated with antibiotics.
  Can survive environmental factors that would normally kill bacterium
  defined as ‘an unhealthy condition of the body (or part of it) or the mind, illness or sickness’ and has been described as a disturbance in structure and/or function of any aspect of a person
  are tiny organisms, such as moulds and yeasts, that belong to the world of plants but contain no chlorophyll. Fungi are present in the soil, air and water and they multiply by producing various kinds of spores

 

14. Discuss the difference between non-pathogenic or harmless microorganisms and Infectious agents (also known as pathogens).

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15. You work in a rehabilitation ward; your colleague is unwell but has come into work. She makes herself a cup of tea in the staff room, coughing and sneezing without covering her mouth or nose.

Answer the questions in the table.

Name and discuss the mode of transmission that is passed by sneezing and coughing  
Discuss the path of transmission for “Direct Contact” and how it may occur.  
As the EN who would you report this to as you don’t wish to see others become ill.  

 

SCIENCE
HEALTH SCIENCE
NURSING

 

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