Image transcription text PR > of26 O Conceptual Framework: In Class Activity 2 A conceptual

Image transcription text PR > of26 O Conceptual Framework: In Class Activity 2 A conceptual framework is a written or visual representation of an expected relationship b… Show more Image transcription text Page < 16 of 26 ZOOM + Conceptual Framework Western-Style Diet Red meat Pre-packaged Foods Carbohydrates Sugary Drinks Intestinal Infla... Show more Using the information as follows, identify the conceptual framework for my topic and I have added a screenshot of the definition and an example of how it should be done: What is your main research question? What is the relationship between healthcare access and socioeconomic status on the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension among Latinos in Los Angeles County? What public health problem are the papers/articles trying to tackle? Uncontrolled Hypertension State your PubMed MeSH terms. Hypertension Hypertension United States Uncontrollable Hypertension Hypertension prevalence US Hypertension Latinos Present a total of five articles that support the proposal topic using APA 7th edition formatting. Then, briefly explain each of the five articles and how they are related to your main research topic. Overview of Article and Relevance Differences in. hypertension prevalence and hypertension control by urbanization among adults in the United States. 2013-2018 Ostchega et al. (2022) conducted a comprehensive study examining the differences in hypertension prevalence and control across various levels of urbanization in the United States. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2018, the researchers analyzed hypertension patterns among adults in urban, suburban, and rural areas. Their findings revealed significant disparities in both hypertension prevalence and control rates across these different geographic settings. While this study does not specifically focus on Latinos in Los Angeles County, it provides insights into how urbanization affects hypertension management, which is highly relevant to the research question. Los Angeles County, being a predominantly urban area with diverse socioeconomic conditions, shares similarities with the urban settings examined in this study. The research's exploration of how urbanization intersects with factors such as healthcare access and socioeconomic status in influencing hypertension outcomes is particularly pertinent. These findings can inform hypotheses about how the urban environment of Los Angeles County might impact hypertension prevalence and control among its Latino population, considering the potential variations in healthcare access and socioeconomic status within different parts of the county. Patterns of hypertension management in France in 2015: The ESTEBAN survey Vallee et al. (2020) conducted a comprehensive analysis of hypertension management patterns in France using data from the ESTEBAN survey. This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the French population. The researchers examined various factors influencing hypertension management, including demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, and healthcare access. Their findings highlight the challenges and disparities in hypertension control across different population subgroups. While this study focuses on France, its methodology and findings offer comparative data for understanding hypertension management in other countries, including the United States. The study's examination of socioeconomic factors and healthcare access in relation to hypertension control is particularly relevant to the research question concerning Latinos in Los Angeles County, as it provides a framework for investigating similar relationships in different populations and healthcare systems. By exploring how socioeconomic status and healthcare access influence hypertension management, this research can inform hypotheses and methodological approaches for studying these factors among Latinos in Los Angeles County, potentially revealing similar patterns or unique challenges faced by this specific population. Resistant hypertension: Detection, evaluation, and management: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Carey et al. (2018) provides a comprehensive scientific statement on resistant hypertension, addressing its detection, evaluation, and management. This authoritative document from the American Heart Association offers valuable insights into the challenges of managing difficult-to-control hypertension. While not specifically focused on Latinos in Los Angeles County, this statement is highly relevant to the research question. Resistant hypertension is a significant concern in populations with limited healthcare access and lower socioeconomic status, which may be applicable to some Latino communities in Los Angeles County. The statement discusses various factors contributing to resistant hypertension, including medication adherence, lifestyle factors, and secondary causes, all of which can be influenced by socioeconomic status and healthcare access. Understanding the complexities of resistant hypertension management is crucial when investigating uncontrolled hypertension in specific populations. This resource can inform researchers about potential barriers to hypertension control that may be particularly relevant to Latino communities in Los Angeles County, such as challenges in accessing specialized care, affording multiple medications, or implementing recommended lifestyle changes. The guidelines and recommendations provided in this statement can serve as a benchmark for assessing the quality and accessibility of hypertension care available to the target population. Hypertension prevalence among Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican Background: A transnational comparison of HCHS/SOL and ENPREFAR-HAS-17 Alvarez et al. (2023) conducted a transnational comparison of hypertension prevalence among Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican background, utilizing data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) in the United States and the ENPREFAR-HAS-17 study in the Dominican Republic. This research is highly relevant to the question of uncontrolled hypertension among Latinos in Los Angeles County, as it provides insights into how migration and acculturation may influence hypertension prevalence and control. The study examines various factors, including socioeconomic status and healthcare access, which are central to the research question. By comparing hypertension rates between Dominicans in their home country and those who migrated to the U.S., the research sheds light on how changes in healthcare systems, socioeconomic conditions, and lifestyle factors associated with migration might impact hypertension management. Although focused on Dominicans, the findings can inform hypotheses about other Latino subgroups in Los Angeles County, particularly regarding how the interplay between socioeconomic status and healthcare access in the U.S. context may affect hypertension control. This study's transnational approach offers a unique perspective on the complex relationship between place of residence, healthcare systems, and hypertension outcomes among Latino populations, which could be valuable for understanding similar dynamics in Los Angeles County. Incidence of hypertension among US Hispanics/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, 2008 to 2017 Elfassy et al. (2020) examined the incidence of hypertension among US Hispanics/Latinos using data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) from 2008 to 2017. This longitudinal study is highly relevant to the research question about uncontrolled hypertension among Latinos in Los Angeles County. The researchers investigated hypertension incidence rates across various Hispanic/Latino backgrounds, considering factors such as age,sex, and nativity status. While not specifically focused on Los Angeles County, this study provides valuable insights into hypertension trends among diverse Latino populations in the United States. The Findings can inform hypotheses about how socioeconomic status and healthcare access might influence hypertension development and control among Latinos in Los Angeles County. By analyzing incidence rates and risk factors, the study sheds light on potential disparities in hypertension onset and management, which could be related to differences in healthcare access and socioeconomic status. This research can guide future investigations into the specific mechanism by which these factors contribute to uncontrolled hypertension in the Los Angeles Latino community, helping to identify potential intervention points and at-risk subgroups. Topic Gaps: Focus on Specific Latino Subgroups: While Alvarez et al. (2023) compare hypertension prevalence among Dominicans, the overall focus across the studies is broad, encompassing all Latino backgrounds. Research exploring disparities within Latino subgroups residing in Los Angeles County (e.g., Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban) could provide a nuanced understanding the issue. Longitudinal Studies: All the articles are cross sectional, offering a snapshot at a specific time. Longitudinal Studies that track individuals over time would be valuable to understand how healthcare access and socioeconomic status influence the development and control of hypertension among Latinos in Los Angeles County. Impact of Immigration Status: The articles don't explicitly address how immigration status might affect healthcare access and hypertension control. Investigating the role of immigration policies and access to health insurance within this specific population would be beneficial. Methodological Gaps: Limited Geographic Scope: While Elfassy et al. (2020) includes US Latinos, the focus isn't specific to Los Angeles County. Research that focuses specifically on this region could provide more targeted insight to the preliminary research question. Lack of Intervention Studies: The articles focus on understanding the current state of hypertension prevalence and control. Including intervention studies that test strategies to improve healthcare access and socioeconomic factors among Latinos in Los Angeles County would be valuable for developing solutions. Data Sources: The studies rely on self-reported data or national surveys. Utilizing local healthcare databases from Los Angeles County could provide more detailed and specific information about the target population. Literature Synthesis: Healthcare Access, Socioeconomic Status, and Uncontrolled Hypertension among Latinos in Los Angeles County Uncontrolled hypertension disproportionately affects urban Latino populations, such as those in Los Angeles County, with poor access to healthcare and socioeconomic factors being significant causes of unchecked hypertension within this community. This paper synthesizes the literature on how these factors influence hypertension control in Latinos residing in Los Angeles County, drawing insights from multiple studies, addressing gaps, and proposing methodological approaches for future research. Hypertension control varies significantly depending on geographic, socioeconomic, and access to care disparities. Ostchega et al. (2022) assessed hypertension prevalence and control across the United States in urban, suburban, and rural areas, showing that urbanization is a factor in hypertension, with urban centers facing challenges like lack of access to healthcare services and heightened socioeconomic disparities. Los Angeles County, a large urban center, experiences these traits, further increasing gaps in hypertension management among its Latino population. Similarly, Elfassy et al. (2020) focused on hypertension incidence among Latinos in the U.S. They found that rates vary significantly across different Hispanic subgroups, with socioeconomic status and nativity being crucial factors in hypertension outcomes, demanding targeted interventions. Though their findings are not specific to Los Angeles, they highlight Latinos' challenges in this region. Studies like Vallee et al. (2020) on hypertension control outside the U.S., such as in France, also noted socioeconomic status and access to health as critical factors in controlling hypertension. These findings reveal similar challenges across diverse healthcare systems, signaling that more focused research is needed within the U.S. Latino population. The gap in research specific to Latinos in Los Angeles County creates an opportunity to explore how local socioeconomic conditions and healthcare disparities uniquely affect this population. A transnational comparison of hypertension prevalence among Dominicans in the U.S. and the Dominican Republic by Alvarez et al. (2023) gained insight into how migration and healthcare systems influence hypertension control. This offers a foundation to examine how acculturation and migration factors contribute to hypertension management among Latinos in Los Angeles County, a population with varied Latino heritage. Future research must apply quantitative and qualitative methodologies to analyze healthcare access by socioeconomic status. For instance, a quantitative assessment of resistant hypertension in populations without full healthcare access, using measures such as those in Carey et al. (2018), can reveal how socioeconomic barriers affect hypertension outcomes in Latinos. Carey et al. (2018) highlighted medication adherence, lifestyle factors, and access to specialized care as elements that socioeconomic conditions could directly influence in Los Angeles. Socioeconomic factors and healthcare access significantly affect hypertension control among Latinos in Los Angeles County. While existing studies provide valuable insights, more research is needed to fully explain how these factors contribute to the problem, which is crucial for addressing better hypertension management and health outcomes for this vulnerable population. References Alvarez, L., April-Sanders, A., Duran Luciano, P., Lee, U. J., Swett, K., Herrera, C., Collado, D., Kaplan, R., Gonzalez II, F., Daviglus, M., Garcia-Bedoya, O., Elfassy, T., Schneiderman, N., Perreira, K., Talavera, G. A., Corsino, L., & Rodriguez, C. J. (2023). Hypertension prevalence among Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican background: A transnational comparison of HCHS/SOL and ENPREFAR-HAS-17. Journal of the American Heart Association, 12(3), Article e027669. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.122.027669 Carey, R. M., Calhoun, D. A., Bakris, G. L., Brook, R. D., Daugherty, S. L., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C. R., Egan, B. M., Flack, J. M., Gidding, S. S., Judd, E., Lackland, D. T., Laffer, C. L., Newton-Cheh, C., Smith, S. M., Taler, S. J., Textor, S. C., Turan, T. N., & White, W. B. (2018). Resistant hypertension: Detection, evaluation, and management: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension, 72(5), e53-e90. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYP.0000000000000084 Elfassy, T., Zeki Al Hazzouri, A., Cai, J., Baldoni, P. L., Llabre, M. M., Rundek, T., Raij, L., Lash, J. P., Talavera, G. A., Wassertheil‐Smoller, S., Daviglus, M., Booth, J. N., III, Castaneda, S. F., Garcia, M., & Schneiderman, N. (2020). Incidence of hypertension among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, 2008 to 2017. Journal of the American Heart Association, 9(18), Article e015031. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.015031 Ostchega, Y., Hughes, J. P., Zhang, G., Nwankwo, T., Graber, J., & Nguyen, D. T. (2022). Differences in hypertension prevalence and hypertension control by urbanization among adults in the United States, 2013-2018. American Journal of Hypertension, 35(1), 31-41. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpab067 Vallée, A., Gabet, A., Grave, C., Sorbets, E., Blacher, J., & Olié, V. (2020). Patterns of hypertension management in France in 2015: The ESTEBAN survey. Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 22(4), 663-672. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.13834

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