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70.   Which of the following results when a person has protection against disease? *

1 point

 

a) Metabolism

 

b) Immunity

 

c) Antibodies

 

d) Infection

71.   Someone with otitis media is complaining of tinnitus. The person is experiencing: *

1 point

 

a) Earwax

 

b) Dizziness

 

c) Hearing impairment

 

d) Ringing in the ears

72.   Safety measures to take when a person is experiencing vertigo include: *

1 point

 

a) Assist the client to lie down.

 

b) Have the person sit upright.

 

c) Provide measures to assist with headache.

 

d) Have the person put their head down between their knees.

73.   Which statement about using cotton swabs for cerumen is TRUE? *

1 point

 

a) They can cause irritation.

 

b) They can increase wax production unnecessarily.

 

c) They can cause the wax to impact and potentially perforate the eardrum.

 

d) All of the above.

74.   Hearing aids work by: *

1 point

 

a) Restoring hearing impairment

 

b) Making sounds louder

 

c) Curing the hearing impairment

 

d) Improving hearing ability

75.   Which statement is FALSE about providing a safe setting for clients with vision impairment? *

1 point

 

a) If escorting a client who is visually impaired, walk slightly behind them and hold onto the client firmly.

 

b) Keep doors open or closed, never partially open, to prevent the client from walking into a door.

 

c) Hallways and rooms must be free of clutter.

 

d) Do not advise the client about changes in the layout of furniture

76.   Your client just had cataract surgery. Which of the following is FALSE? *

1 point

 

a) Clients are instructed to administer a special eye drop regimen.

 

b) The client is taught to remove, clean and reinsert the artificial lens.

 

c) Clients are instructed to wear special sunglasses.

 

d) The importance of follow – up care and appointments must be stressed to the client.

77.   Which statement is TRUE about caring for and handling client’s eyeglasses? *

1 point

 

a) Special cleaning solutions, tissues, and cloths are used to clean and dry them.

 

b) Glasses should be labelled with your client’s name.

 

c) When not worn, glass es should be kept in their case.

 

d) All of the above.

78.   Which statement is TRUE about service dogs? *

1 point

 

a) Do not offer food to a service dog.

 

b) A person’s life may depend on the support dog’s ability to stay focused on the job.

 

c) The service dog and its owner are referred to as a “team.”

 

d) All of the above.

79.   A writing system that uses raised dots to represent the alphabet is: *

1 point

 

a) Braille

 

b) A book with large print

 

c) An audiobook

 

d) A magnifier

80.   Someone with Ménière’s disease is complaining of vertigo. The person is experiencing: *

1 point

 

a) Earwax

 

b) Dizziness

 

c) Hearing impairment

 

d) Ringing in the ears

81.   Where are O2 and Co2 exhanged? *

1 point

 

a) At the trachea

 

b) At the bronchiole

 

c) At the alveoli

 

d) At the bronchus

82.   Which statement is TRUE about excessive use of alcohol and its effect on oxygen needs? *

1 point

 

a) It excites the brain.

 

b) It reduces the cough reflex and increases the risk for aspiration.

 

c) It increases the need for oxygen.

 

d) None of the above.

83.   Inadequate oxygen in the cells is called: *

1 point

 

a) Dyspnea

 

b) Hypoxia

 

c) Tachypnea

 

d) Bradypnea

84.   The type of breathing that is common when death is near is called: *

1 point

 

a) Orthopnea

 

b) Hyperventilation

 

c) Kussmaul respirations

 

d) Cheyne – Stokes respirations

85.   The normal range for pulse oximetry is: *

1 point

 

a) 80% to 95%

 

b) 90% to 95%

 

c) 95% to 100%

 

d) 98% to 100%

86.   A person with breathing difficulty is in the orthopneic position. This means the person is: *

1 point

 

a) Lying on their side

 

b) Lying flat on their back

 

c) Sitting up and leaning over a table

 

d) Sitting with the head of the bed at 90 degrees

87.   When the person is awake, deep – breathing and coughing exercises should be done: *

1 point

 

a) At the client’s request

 

b) Every 1 to 2 hours

 

c) As per your supervisor and the care plan

 

d) None of the above

88.   Which statement is TRUE about oxygen concentrators? *

1 point

 

a) Oxygen concentrators are used in facilities and community settings.

 

b) They must be plugged into a grounded electrical outlet.

 

c) This machine makes oxygen by taking in room air and filtering out the oxygen.

 

d) All of the above.

89.   An artificial airway that is inserted through a surgically created opening in the trachea is called  a(n): *

1 point

 

a) Naso – pharyngeal airway

 

b) Endo – tracheal tube

 

c) Tracheotomy tube

 

d) Oro – pharyngeal airway

90.   Which statement is TRUE about suctioning? *

1 point

 

a) Always follow Standard Practices when suctioning.

 

b) When suctioning, you should not suction any deeper than the client’s oral cavity.

 

c) Keep suction supplies and equipment at the bedside.

 

d) All of the above.

91.   Unless otherwise ordered, when should vital signs be taken? *

1 point

 

a) When the person is at rest

 

b) When the person is sleeping

 

c) While the person is standing

 

d) After the person has exercised

92.   Which thermometer is  appropriate to use for an older person who is confused and resists care? *

1 point

 

a) Glass thermometer

 

b) Mercury thermometer

 

c) Standard electric thermometer

 

d) Tympanic membrane thermometer

93.   Which statement is TRUE about client temperature? *

1 point

 

a) The normal body temperatur e range can be much lower in an older person.

 

b) Ensure that the client has not chewed gum in the 20 minutes prior to taking their temperature orally.

 

c) Tympanic routes for temperature measurement usually register one – half to a full degree higher than temperatu re taken by other routes.

 

d) All of the above.

94.   A normal adult pulse rate is: *

1 point

 

a) 40 to 80 beats per minute

 

b) 50 to 110 beats per minute

 

c) 60 to 100 beats per minute

 

d) 90 to 120 beats per minute

95.   Which of the following statements is FALSE  regarding respirations? *

1 point

 

a) The rise of the chest is counted as one respiration.

 

b) A healthy adult has 12 to 20 respirations per minute.

 

c) Respirations are normally quiet, effortless, and regular.

 

d) Count respirations while measuring the client’s blood pressure.

96.   When the systolic pressure is at or above *

1 point

 

a) Bradycardia

 

b) Tachycardia

 

c) Hypotension

 

d) Hypertension

97.   When placing a blood pressure cuff, the arrow should be aligned with: *

1 point

 

a) The elbow

 

b) The thumb

 

c) The brachial artery

 

d) The antecubital fossa

98.   Which statement is TRUE about using a pulse oximeter? *

1 point

 

a) Ensure that the client does not have a fever.

 

b) You can use the pulse oximeter on the thumbnail.

 

c) Have the client stand up before applying the oximeter.

 

d) Ensure that the client is not wearing nail polish.

99.   When measuring a client’s weight, you should ensure that: *

1 point

 

a) The client has recently voided.

 

b) The client is fully clothed.

 

c) The client is weighed after breakfast.

 

d) The client is wearing nonslip footwear.

100.   Convert the following weight: *

1 point

 

a) 72

 

b) 55

 

c) 60

 

d) 136

101.   Stool should be observed for the following characteristics: *

1 point

 

a) Colour

 

b) Odour

 

c) Consistency

 

d) All of the above

102.   Which statement is TRUE about stools? *

1 point

 

a) Stools are normally brown in colour from bile that is produced in the liver.

 

b) Bleeding in the stomach, small intestine, or both will cause the stools to appear black or tarry.

 

c) Normal bacterial flora are necessary for stools to form.

 

d) All of the above.

103.   A common cause of constipation is: *

1 point

 

a) Inactivity

 

b) A high – fibre diet

 

c) Increased fluid intake

 

d) Having a bowel movement as soon as the urge is felt

104.   ________________ is very important when providing for comfort and safety during defecation. *

1 point

 

a) Privacy

 

b) Warmth

 

c) Proper positioning

 

d) All of the above

105.   A rectal tube is  left in place for how long? *

1 point

 

a) 20 to 30 minutes

 

b) 10 to 15 minutes

 

c) 1 hour

 

d) None of the above

106.   Which of the following is NOT a factor the support worker would use to promote elimination during  bowel training? *

1 point

 

a) Activity

 

b) Warm fluids

 

c) High – fibre diet

 

d) Decreased fluids

107.   Introduction of fluid into the rectum and lower colon is also known as a(n): *

1 point

 

a) Suppository

 

b) Digital removal of an impaction

 

c) Rectal tube

 

d) Enema

108.   When an enema is administered, the person is placed in which position? *

1 point

 

a) Sims’

 

b) Prone

 

c) Supine

 

d) Trendelenburg

109.   Which statement is TRUE about stool specimens? *

1 point

 

a) The specimen should not contain any blood.

 

b) Blood that cannot be seen in a specimen is called occult blood.

 

c) The stool specimen must not be contaminated with urine.

 

d) All of the above.

110.   When is the ostomy pouch drain opened? *

1 point

 

a) To empty the pouch of urine

 

b) To apply the skin barrier

 

c) When the bag balloons or bulges with flatus

 

d) When the client requests it

111.   A possible outcome of exposure to a pathogen includes which of the following? *

1 point

 

a) The immune system destroys the pathogen.

 

b) The immune system does not destroy the pathogen, and yet an infection does not develop.

 

c) An infection develops sometime after exposure to the pathogen.

 

d) All of the above.

112.   Risk factors for stroke include: *

1 point

 

a) Seizures

 

b) Slow pulse

 

c) Memory loss

 

d) High blood pressure

113.   Hip fractures are common in: *

1 point

 

a) Older women

 

b) Clients in traction

 

c) Middle – aged women

 

d) Women with heart conditions

114.   Which statement is TRUE about congestive heart failure? *

1 point

 

a) With left – sided heart failure, blood backs up into the veins.

 

b) Encourage fluids for clients who have this condition.

 

c) Measure weight weekly

 

d) Apply elastic stockings.

115.   Which of the following is a documented adverse effect of COVID – *

1 point

 

a) Organ damage to the heart, lungs, and brain

 

b) Blood clots and blood vessel problems

 

c) Problems with mood and fatigue

 

d) All of the above

116.   The most common symptom of ga stro – esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is: *

1 point

 

a) Heartburn

 

b) Dysphagia

 

c) Sour taste in the mouth

 

d) Bad breath

117.   In _______________, either the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body does not  effectively use the insulin that is produced. *

1 point

 

a) Type 1 diab etes

 

b) Type 2 diabetes

 

c) Gestational diabetes

 

d) Intermittent diabetes

118.   Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of a urinary tract infection? *

1 point

 

a) Dysuria

 

b) Foul – smelling urine

 

c) Severe cramping pain in the back and side, just below the ribs

 

d) Hematuria

119.   __________ virus is spread by the fecal – oral route. *

1 point

 

a) Hepatitis A

 

b) Hepatitis B

 

c) Hepatitis C

 

d) Hepatitis E

120.   Hives are also known as ___________________. *

1 point

 

a) Urticaria

 

b) Dermatitis

 

c) Psoriasis

 

d) Shingles

121.   What is the body’s first line of defence against disease? *

1 point

 

a) Intact skin

 

b) Immune system

 

c) Mouth

 

d) Hygiene

122.   Routine care that is given before lunch is known as what? *

1 point

 

a) Early morning care

 

b) Morning care

 

c) AM care

 

d) All of the above

123.   The presence of bleeding gums during oral hygiene means: *

1 point

 

a) More mouth care is needed.

 

b) Less mouth care is needed.

 

c) Cavities are present.

 

d) The client needs to eat softer food.

124.   What product should be used to perform oral care on an un conscious person? *

1 point

 

a) Sponge swabs

 

b) Toothbrush

 

c) Mouthwash

 

d) Dental floss

125.   It is important to protect the unconscious person from _________ when providing oral care. *

1 point

 

a) Aspiration

 

b) Biting

 

c) Coughing

 

d) Dry mouth

126.   Which statement is TRUE about giving  clients tub baths and showers? *

1 point

 

a) Falls and burns are not a risk.

 

b) Turn the cold water on first, then the hot water.

 

c) Turn the hot water on first, then the cold water.

 

d) None of the above.

127.   Which statement is TRUE about a back massage? *

1 point

 

a) Back massages are n ormally given after a bath and before bedtime.

 

b) Back massages should last 3 to 5 minutes.

 

c) Back massages can be dangerous to some clients.

 

d) All of the above.

128.   Cleaning of the genital and anal areas is known as: *

1 point

 

a) Private care

 

b) Perineal care

 

c) PM care

 

d) Circumcision

129.   When providing perineal care to a female client, what is the most appropriate technique to follow? *

1 point

 

a) Work from clean to dirty.

 

b) Work from the anus to the urethra.

 

c) Work from back to front.

 

d) Work from top to bottom.

130.   What is   the last step in providing male perineal care? *

1 point

 

a) Retract the foreskin.

 

b) Clean the urethral opening.

 

c) Pat the penis and scrotum dry.

 

d) Cleanse the scrotum.

131.   Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding hair care? *

1 point

 

a) Never cut a client’s hair.

 

b) Start near the bottom of the ends of the hair, and brush or comb to the hair ends.

 

c) How one’s hair looks and feels can affect a person’s emotional well – being.

 

d) All of the above.

132.   Which of the following observations should be reported to the nurse when providing routine hair  care? *

1 point

 

a) The client’s hair style

 

b) Products used

 

c) Dryness

 

d) Presence of lice

133.   When assisting a person  with shaving, what observation is reported immediately? *

1 point

 

a) Rash

 

b) Itching

 

c) Bleeding

 

d) Tenderness

134.   What medication interferes with a person’s ability to use a blade razor for shaving? *

1 point

 

a) Anticoagulant

 

b) Antibiotic

 

c) Anti – inflammatory

 

d) Analgesic

135.   In  which situation would you wear gloves to shampoo a client’s hair? *

1 point

 

a) If they have a scalp issue.

 

b) Anytime you shampoo a client’s hair.

 

c) Only if the client is comfortable with your wearing gloves.

 

d) At your own discretion.

136.   An infestation with lice, which  are small, insect – like parasites that live on the human body, is  called: *

1 point

 

a) Hirsutism

 

b) Pediculosis

 

c) Alopecia

 

d) Dandruff

137.   Before cutting a client’s toenails, it is important to know whether the client has a history of  which of the following conditions? *

1 point

 

a) Stroke

 

b) Myocardial infarction

 

c) Diabetes

 

d) Angina pectoris

138.   When undressing or dressing a client or changing an incontinence brief, support workers  should follow the ________ principles. *

1 point

 

a) Independence

 

b) Privacy

 

c) Safety

 

d) DIPPS

139.   Which of the  following is TRUE when assisting a client to dress and undress? *

1 point

 

a) As much as possible, allow the client to choose what to wear.

 

b) Put clothing on the client’s unaffected side first.

 

c) Insist on fastening buttons and zippers for the client to save time.

 

d) Remove clothing from the client’s affected side first.

140.   Which of the following statements is TRUE when caring for a client with anti – embolic or  compression stockings? *

1 point

 

a) They are designed to prevent swelling and blood clots in the lower extremities.

 

b) The client usually has two pairs of stockings. One pair is washed while the client wears the other pair.

 

c) Make sure that the stockings are smooth once applied, not bunched up or binding.

 

d) All of the above.

141.   How often should a person’s bed be made? *

1 point

 

a) Daily

 

b) Weekly

 

c) Monthly

 

d) Twice daily

142.   What is the purpose of a clean, dry, and wrinkle – free bed? *

1 point

 

a) Proves the cleanliness of the facility

 

b) Keeps laundry personnel busy

 

c) Prevents skin breakdown

 

d) Decreases family complaints

143.   A bed that is made while the client is in it is called: *

1 point

 

a) Occupied

 

b) Surgical

 

c) Closed

 

d) Open

144.   Why should you never use plastic garbage bags or dry – cleaning bags as incontinence pads? *

1 point

 

a) They are not strong enough to protect the linens and mattress.

 

b) They slide easily and can move out of place.

 

c) They pose a suffocation risk for clients.

 

d) All of the above.

145.   When holding linen, your uniform is considered to be: *

1 point

 

a) Dirty

 

b) Contaminated

 

c) Clean

 

d) Biohazardous

146.   Soiled linens are never placed on the __________. *

1 point

 

a) Bed

 

b) Floor

 

c) Nightstand

 

d) All of the above

147.   What is the first piece of clean linen that is collected prior to making a bed? *

1 point

 

a) Top sheet

 

b) Blanket

 

c) Pillowcase

 

d) Bedspread

148.   A special mattress that has alternating areas of pressure is known as a(n): *

1 point

 

a) Comforter

 

b) Alternating pressure mattress

 

c) Incontinence pad

 

d) Mattress pad

149.   What is the name of the bed position that is accomplished by lowering the head and raising the  foot? *

1 point

 

a) High Fowler’s

 

b) Reverse Trendelenburg

 

c) Semi – Fowler’s

 

d) Trendelenburg

150.   Which statement is TRUE about turning pads? *

1 point

 

a) They prevent pain, skin damage, and bone and joint damage by protecting the client’s skin from friction and shearing when the client is moved in bed.

 

b) They are small pads placed under the middle of the bottom sheet.

 

c) They are known to be slippery.

 

d) They cover the entire bed.

151.   When assisting a client with a bedpan, the support worker should: *

1 point

 

a) Rinse the bedpan under cold running water before use.

 

b) Protect the bed and linen by placing a waterproof pad under the bedpan.

 

c) Dust the bedpan rim with powder to prevent sticking.

 

d) All of the above.

152.   Which statement describes normal urine? *

1 point

 

a) It is cloudy

 

b) It has particles

 

c) It has a faint odour

 

d) It is bright yellow

153.   The type of incontinence often associated with laughing, sneezing, or coughing is ca lled: *

1 point

 

a) Urge incontinence

 

b) Stress incontinence

 

c) Overflow incontinence

 

d) Functional incontinence

154.   Which statement is FALSE about managing incontinence? *

1 point

 

a) Limit the type and amount of fluids in the evening.

 

b) Tell the nurse when the person is incontinent.

 

c) Obse rve for signs that the person may need to void.

 

d) Wait for the person to ask before you take them to the bathroom.

155.   Which urinary elimination problem is associated with kidney disease, urinary tract infection, or  trauma? *

1 point

 

a) Polyuria

 

b) Nocturia

 

c) Oliguria

 

d) Hematuria

156.   The type of catheter that drains the bladder and then is removed is called a: *

1 point

 

a) Foley catheter

 

b) Straight catheter

 

c) Condom catheter

 

d) Suprapubic catheter

157.   Which statement is FALSE about catheter care? *

1 point

 

a) Hold the catheter at the meatus.

 

b) Dry the perineal area from back to front.

 

c) In an uncircumcised male, retract the foreskin.

 

d) Clean the catheter from the meatus down the catheter at least 4 inches.

158.   Which statement about urine drainage systems is true? *

1 point

 

a) The urinary system is sterile.

 

b) Drainage bags stay above the bladder.

 

c) An open drainage system is used for indwelling catheters.

 

d) The bag sits on the floor.

159.   What is important for support workers to remember about caring for a client with a ureterostomy? *

1 point

 

a) The ostomy appliance will not leak.

 

b) Do not encourage client independence with care.

 

c) These clients are at risk for skin breakdown around the stoma.

 

d) All of the above.

160.   Which statement is TRUE about bladder training? *

1 point

 

a) Some clients need bladder training after remo val of an in – dwelling catheter.

 

b) There are two basic methods of bladder training.

 

c) The goal of bladder training is control of urination.

 

d) All of the above.

161.   Which type of confusion is treated as an emergency? *

1 point

 

a) Delirium

 

b) Dementia

 

c) Memory loss

 

d) Pseudo – dementia

162.   Which statement about dementia is TRUE? *

1 point

 

a) Dementia cannot be reversed.

 

b) Dementia is a single disease.

 

c) Most older persons get dem entia.

 

d) Dementia is caused by damaged brain cells.

163.   Which statement about Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias is TRUE? *

1 point

 

a) Family history is not a risk factor.

 

b) It usually occurs before age 65

 

c) The progression varies from client to client and can span from 3 to 20 years.

 

d) It is an uncommon type of dementia.

164.   Which of the following is a warning sign of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias? *

1 point

 

a) Forgetting things often

 

b) Disorientation in time and space

 

c) Changes in mood and behaviour

 

d) All of the above

165.   What is the name of a condition in which the signs, symptoms, and behaviours of dementia  increase during the hours of darkness — in the late afternoon   and evening hours? *

1 point

 

a) Apraxia

 

b) Sundowning

 

c) Apathy

 

d) Hoarding

166.   Recurrent visual hallucinations are a defining feature of which type of dementia ? *

1 point

 

a) Fronto – temporal dementia

 

b) Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias

 

c) Vascular dementia

 

d) Dementia with Lewy bodies

167.   _______________ occurs when severe depression causes cognitive changes that mimic  dementia. *

1 point

 

a) Delirium

 

b) Disorientation

 

c) Pseudo – dementia

 

d) None of the above

168.   Which statement is TRUE about promoting personal hygiene for clients who live with dementia? *

1 point

 

a) Provide privacy and keep the client warm.

 

b) Break down tasks into small, simple steps.

 

c) Use the client’s preferred bathing method.

 

d) All of the above.

169.   Which statement about nervous system changes due to aging is true? *

1 point

 

a) Nerve conduction is faster.

 

b) Sensitivity to pain increases.

 

c) Blood flow to the brain is reduced.

 

d) Vision and hearing increase .

170.   Which of the following is NOT a type of secondary dementia? *

1 point

 

a) Creutzfeldt – Jakob disease

 

b) Wernicke – Korsakoff syndrome

 

c) Vascular dementia

 

d) Parkinson’s disease

 

 

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