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TREATMENT: PHARMACOLOGICAL

Question 8. Evelyn has been commenced on Captopril. Summarise the mechanism of action and adverse effects and Nursing considerations common anti-hypertensives in the table below.

Class of drug

Generic 

examples of drugs

Mechanism of action Potential adverse effects Nursing considerations

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

ACE inhibitors

“prils”

Captopril, Enalapril Lisinopril 

Ramipril  

 
 

 

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists

 

 

 

 

“sartans”

Candesartan  

Irbesartan  

Losartan  

Telmisartan  

Valsartan  

 

 
 
 

Calcium channel antagonists

 

 

 

 

“ines”

Felodipine  

Isredipine  

Nicardipine  

Nifedipine  

Nisoldipine  

 

 

 
 

Thiazide diuretics

 

 

 

 

Bendroflumethiazide

Hydrochlorathiazide

Chlotalidone

indapamide

     

Beta-blockers

 

 

 

 

Non-selective (B1 and B2) 

Propranolol  

Carteolol Nadolol Penbutolol Pindolol Timolol 

Selective and Specific (B1) Acebutolol Atenolol Betaxolol Bisoprolol Metoprolol

 

     

DIAGNOSIS

Question 4. The doctor has ordered EUC, Cholesterol (HDL/LDL), and Blood Glucose Level (BGL). Explain theses blood tests; why have they been order and what are their normal values? 

  Result  XX/XX/2021 09.30hrs Reference Range Comment/Rationale
Sodium 149 mmol/L 135-147 mmol/L

 

 

Chloride 105 mmol/L 95-107 mmol/L

 

 

Potassium 3.9 mmol/L 3.5-5.2 mmol/L

 

 

Urea 7.8 mmol/L 3-7.5 mmol/L

 

 

Creatinine 110 umol/L 60-110 umol/L

 

 

Cholesterol (HDL/LDL)

Total 7.5mmol/L

LDL 4.1

HDL 0.8

Triglycerides 2.6

Total 3.9-5.5mmol/L 

LDL 1.7-3.5mmol/L

HDL 0.9-2.1 mmol/L

Triglycerides <2mmol/L   Glucose 6.4 mmol/L 4-6mmol/L     SCIENCE HEALTH SCIENCE NURSING

 

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