Vital Signs Case Study Read the following

Vital Signs Case Study Read the following case study and answer the questions thoroughly. Think about the anatomy and physiology and why these events are happening for this patient. Good luck! Ann Smith is a 64 year-old female with a 40-year history of smoking. She has high cholesterol and admits that she does not eat the “right foods” all of the time. She is 5’2 and weighs 160 lbs. She has recently been feeling ill and complains that she cannot climb the 10 stairs to her home without feeling short of breath. Her vital signs are: • T- 100.8 oral electronic thermometer • Pulse- 88 irregular (radial) • Resp- 24 and shallow • Blood pressure – 158/90 right arm sitting in chair • SaO2- 90% on room air 1. What is your interpretation of the vital signs? 2. What additional information would you obtain in this case? Ann is has a chest ray which reveals pneumonia of the left lower lobe. An IV is begun is her left forearm, and she is receiving a continuous IV infusion. She is also placed on oxygen via nasal cannula at 2L/minute. An order is written for vital signs every 4 hours. Ann is transferred to the telemetry unit for her heart to be monitored and will receive antibiotics ASAP. You are the admitting nurse. You conduct a thorough health history and head- to-toe assessment. You find out the Ann has been having headaches often and is recently widowed and living alone. She does not go out very much, as she cannot drive as well as she used to. She has very little family in the area. One hour after Ann is admitted, the PCA calls you as Ann is complaining of a severe headache. 7/10. 3. You need to obtain vital signs. What considerations must be taken in this case? The following vital signs are obtained. • T-101 • Pulse- 110 irregular • Resp-28 • BP- 170/110 • SaO2- 90% with O2 at 2l via nasal cannula 4. You notify her physician and using SBAR, what would you say? 5. What causes hypertension? What would be some of the risk factors that caused hypertension in this case? 6. Ann is asking to get up to use the bathroom. Based upon her vital signs, what would you be concerned about? Think about the pulse rate. 7. Ann’s pedal pulses are 1+ bilaterally. What does this assessment of peripheral pulses tell us? Vital Signs Review Questions 1. What is the relationship between blood volume and blood pressure? 2. How does a nurse obtain an accurate blood pressure? 3. What are the values and terms used to describe normal and abnormal findings for vital signs? 4. How does the physiology of blood pressure and pulse effect the hemodynamics of the circulatory system? 5. What factors influence accuracy when taking a body temperature? 6. How does a person with a fever present clinically? Include subjective & objective data.

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