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Do you agree or disagree with this conclusion of the article attached? Include rationale with sources. 

 

Article: High-Intensity Interval Training Versus

Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in

Middle-Aged and Older Patients with Type 2

Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

of the Acute E ects of Treadmill Walking on

Glycemic Control

 

Module VIII: Data Analysis and Interpretation

The study which I will be analyzing for this module is titled, High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Middle-Aged and Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial of the Acute Effects of Treadmill Walking on Glycemic Control (Mendes et al., 2019). The aim of the study was to compare the effects of an acute bout of high intensity exercise with an acute moderate intensity exercise session on glycemic control. A control intervention was also studied in which participants completed their normal medical therapy (metformin or gliptin) with no exercise bout.

The study was well designed to control for confounding factors and appropriate statistical tests were used. A randomized control design was used to strengthen the findings of the study. All participants were thoroughly screened for contraindications to exercise and passed a maximal treadmill stress test to confirm no cardiac contraindications were present. The following exclusion criteria were applied during the study period: not performing all experimental conditions; not accomplishing the rules of the ambulatory period; medication changes; dietery changes; involvement in other supervised exercise; and illness. Despite these exclusions, none of the participants were excluded from the final data analysis. This was accomplished by thorough pre-screening before inclusion int the study.

The authors describe the statistical analysis used to validate the study. The data was initially screened with a Shapiro Wilk test. A paired samples t-test was used to compare the exercise intensity of HIIT and MICT. A two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was performed to analyze the influence of the experimental conditions on blood glucose levels. The repeated measures analysis is needed because multiple blood glucose measures are taken over time (Polit & Beck, 2021).

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All important results are discussed including treadmill levels, exercise heart rate ranges, and blood glucose measurements between all groups. The results are thoroughly reported with no missing data. All of the recruited participants completed all interventions in the study and were included in the final results.

The researchers did discuss a few limitations to the study in the discussion. While the researchers monitored participants steps outside of the exercise sessions and instructed participants to continue their normal diet and habitual activities, they could not fully control the participants diet and activity levels outside of the training sessions. Individual lifestyle differences could have influenced the results. For best results, it would be important to assess 24-hour pre-experimental conditions of physical activity and diet. However, this strategy would be costly to complete and limit participation in the study.

The researchers provided a few examples of studies which demonstrated the benefit of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on glycemic control. The results of the outlined study agreed with the literature review that HIIT provided greater glycemic control than moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICT). The researchers concluded that in response to the HIIT routine blood glucose dropped an average of 42 ml/dL more than the control condition and 9 ml/dL compared with the MICT routine.

The researchers conclude that HIIT may provide benefits in glycemic control in type II diabetics when compared with moderate intensity exercise or a sedentary lifestyle. However, these findings cannot be generalized to all type II diabetics. All study participants underwent a pre-exercise clinical evaluation and were taking an oral agent such as metformin or gliptin to treat their diabetic condition. Future research studies may be needed to explore how HIIT may affect diabetics on insulin therapy or sulfonylureas or who have elevated risk factors which may contraindicate HIIT.

 

SCIENCE
HEALTH SCIENCE
NURSING
NUR 642

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